Early nutrition influences developmental myelination and cognition in infants and young children.
Early nutrition influences developmental myelination and cognition in infants and young children.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.056
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Schneider N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deoni S;Dean D 3rd;Joelson S;O'Regan J;Schneider N
在整个早期神经发育过程中，髓鞘形成有助于为大脑连接提供基础，并支持认知和行为功能的出现。生命早期营养是一个重要的和可改变的因素，可以塑造髓鞘形成，因此，认知结果。人类母乳和配方奶之间营养成分的差异可能有助于解释纯母乳喂养儿童与配方奶喂养儿童之间经常观察到的功能和认知差异。然而，过去比较母乳喂养和配方奶粉喂养的认知和脑成像研究通常是：横断面的;在年龄较大的儿童和青少年中进行，依赖于父母对婴儿喂养的回忆;尽管配方奶粉成分之间存在差异，但通常将配方奶粉喂养的儿童视为单一组。在这里，我们通过检查纯母乳喂养与配方奶粉喂养至少3个月的儿童的大脑和神经认知发育的纵向轨迹来解决其中的一些弱点。我们进一步研究了接受不同配方组合物的儿童之间的发育。结果显示，与纯配方奶粉喂养的儿童相比，母乳喂养儿童的整体髓鞘形成显著改善，并伴有一般、语言和非语言认知能力的提高。这些差异被发现持续到童年，即使在重要的社会经济和人口因素相匹配的群体。我们还发现了显著的发育差异，这取决于所接受的配方组合物，特别是长链脂肪酸、铁、胆碱、鞘磷脂和叶酸与早期髓鞘形成轨迹显著相关。这些结果增加了一个共识，即长期和纯母乳喂养在早期神经发育和儿童认知结果中起着重要作用。
Throughout early neurodevelopment, myelination helps provide the foundation for brain connectivity and supports the emergence of cognitive and behavioral functioning. Early life nutrition is an important and modifiable factor that can shape myelination and, consequently, cognitive outcomes. Differences in the nutritional composition between human breast and formula milk may help explain the functional and cognitive disparity often observed between exclusively breast versus formula-fed children. However, past cognitive and brain imaging studies comparing breast and formula feeding are often: cross-sectional; performed in older children and adolescents relying on parental recall of infant feeding; and generally treat formula-fed children as a single group despite the variability between formula compositions. Here we address some of these weakness by examining longitudinal trajectories of brain and neurocognitive development in children who were exclusively breastfed versus formula-fed for at least 3 months. We further examine development between children who received different formula compositions. Results reveal significantly improved overall myelination in breastfed children accompanied by increased general, verbal, and non-verbal cognitive abilities compared to children who were exclusively formula-fed. These differences were found to persist into childhood even with groups matched for important socioeconomic and demographic factors. We also find significant developmental differences depending on formula composition received and that, in particular, long-chain fatty acids, iron, choline, sphingomyelin and folic acid are significantly associated with early myelination trajectories. These results add to the consensus that prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding plays an important role in early neurodevelopment and childhood cognitive outcomes.
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影响因子：
2.6
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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3.1
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
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