Role of anxiety in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome: importance of the amygdala.
Role of anxiety in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome: importance of the amygdala.
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DOI：
10.3389/neuro.21.002.2009
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Greenwood-Van Meerveld B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Myers B;Greenwood-Van Meerveld B
肠易激综合征（IBS）的一个共同特征是症状，包括腹痛和异常的排便习惯，通常在压力和焦虑期间触发或加剧。然而，焦虑和情感障碍对胃肠道（GI）的影响知之甚少，可能部分解释了缺乏有效的治疗方法来治疗IBS。杏仁核是调节焦虑的重要结构，杏仁核的中央核促进下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和自主神经系统的激活以响应压力。此外，慢性应激增强杏仁核的功能，并促进整个杏仁复合体的神经可塑性。本文综述了从人类研究和动物模型中获得的最新研究结果，这些研究与情绪脑在肠道功能调节中的作用有关，特别是如何增加杏仁核的增益以诱导焦虑样行为，使用皮质酮或慢性应激增加啮齿动物对内脏和躯体刺激的反应。审查的一个重点是盐皮质激素受体和糖皮质激素受体介导的机制在杏仁核内的焦虑和伤害性行为，IBS的特征的调节的相对重要性。这篇综述还讨论了几个悬而未决的问题，重要的杏仁核的作用，在产生异常的胃肠道功能，可能导致新的治疗方法，以治疗功能性肠病，如IBS的潜在目标的未来研究。
A common characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is that symptoms, including abdominal pain and abnormal bowel habits, are often triggered or exacerbated during periods of stress and anxiety. However, the impact of anxiety and affective disorders on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is poorly understood and may in part explain the lack of effective therapeutic approaches to treat IBS. The amygdala is an important structure for regulating anxiety with the central nucleus of the amygdala facilitating the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system in response to stress. Moreover, chronic stress enhances function of the amygdala and promotes neural plasticity throughout the amygdaloid complex. This review outlines the latest findings obtained from human studies and animal models related to the role of the emotional brain in the regulation of enteric function, specifically how increasing the gain of the amygdala to induce anxiety-like behavior using corticosterone or chronic stress increases responsiveness to both visceral and somatic stimuli in rodents. A focus of the review is the relative importance of mineralocorticoid receptor and glucocorticoid receptor-mediated mechanisms within the amygdala in the regulation of anxiety and nociceptive behaviors that are characteristic features of IBS. This review also discusses several outstanding questions important for future research on the role of the amygdala in the generation of abnormal GI function that may lead to potential targets for new therapies to treat functional bowel disorders such as IBS.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0508005103
发表时间：
2006-03-21
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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