Opposing Influence of Top-down and Bottom-up Input on Excitatory Layer 2/3 Neurons in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex.
Opposing Influence of Top-down and Bottom-up Input on Excitatory Layer 2/3 Neurons in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.024
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发表时间：
2020-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Keller GB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jordan R;Keller GB
大脑皮层回路中的处理是由大脑皮层和皮质下输入的组合驱动的。这些输入在概念上通常被归类为自下而上传递感官信息和自上而下传递语境信息。利用小鼠初级视皮层的细胞内记录，我们测量了神经元对视觉输入、运动和视觉运动不匹配的反应。我们发现，第2/3层(L2/3)神经元计算自上而下的运动相关输入和自下而上的视觉流动输入之间的差异。大多数L2/3神经元对视觉运动错配的反应要么是超极化，要么是去极化，这种反应的大小与不同的生理特性有关。与自下而上和自上而下输入的减法一致，视觉和运动相关的输入对L2/3神经元的影响是相反的。在颗粒下神经元中，我们没有发现差异计算的证据，反应与视觉运动输入的正整合是一致的。我们的结果提供了L2/3作为自上而下和自下而上输入的双向比较器的证据。层2/3神经元表现出广泛的阈值下失配反应失配反应符号是由视觉流动和运动相关反应预测的层5/6缺乏去极化失配反应视觉流动和运动速度只有在层2/3才有相反的影响迹象Jordan和Keller使用在虚拟现实中导航的小鼠的整个细胞记录来表明只有在皮层浅层的神经元才有一个特殊的性质：它们将视觉流动和运动速度与相反的迹象结合在一起，使它们能够计算实际和预期视觉流动速度之间的双向失配。
Processing in cortical circuits is driven by combinations of cortical and subcortical inputs. These inputs are often conceptually categorized as bottom-up, conveying sensory information, and top-down, conveying contextual information. Using intracellular recordings in mouse primary visual cortex, we measured neuronal responses to visual input, locomotion, and visuomotor mismatches. We show that layer 2/3 (L2/3) neurons compute a difference between top-down motor-related input and bottom-up visual flow input. Most L2/3 neurons responded to visuomotor mismatch with either hyperpolarization or depolarization, and the size of this response was correlated with distinct physiological properties. Consistent with a subtraction of bottom-up and top-down input, visual and motor-related inputs had opposing influence on L2/3 neurons. In infragranular neurons, we found no evidence of a difference computation and responses were consistent with positive integration of visuomotor inputs. Our results provide evidence that L2/3 functions as a bidirectional comparator of top-down and bottom-up input. Layer 2/3 neurons show widespread subthreshold mismatch responses Mismatch response sign is predicted by visual flow and locomotion-related responses Layer 5/6 has a scarcity of depolarizing mismatch responses Visual flow and locomotion speed have opposing signs of influence only in layer 2/3 Jordan and Keller use whole cell recordings in mice navigating in virtual reality to show that neurons only in superficial cortical layers have a special property: they integrate visual flow and locomotion speed with opposing signs, allowing them to compute bidirectional mismatches between actual and expected visual flow speeds.
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