Assessment of the effects of contingent histamine injections on the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine using behavioral economic and progressive-ratio designs.
Assessment of the effects of contingent histamine injections on the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine using behavioral economic and progressive-ratio designs.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-013-3396-y
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Woolverton, William L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, Kevin B.;McMaster, Brian C.;Roma, Peter G.;Woolverton, William L.
最近的研究表明，药物组胺可以作为可卡因自我管理的惩罚者。然而，很少有人知道药物惩罚者如何影响药物作为兴奋剂的最大强化效果。本研究的目的是确定组胺，自我管理时，作为可卡因的混合物，可以减少可卡因的最大增强效果，使用两个程序设计用于测量增强效果。在第一个实验中，在行为经济学设计中，恒河猴被允许单独或作为与组胺的混合物（0.012-0.05 mg/kg/inj）自我施用可卡因（0.1 mg/kg/inj）。在第二个实验中，猴子被允许单独自我施用可卡因（0.006-0.56 mg/kg/inj）或作为与组胺的混合物（0.025-0.1 mg/kg/inj），按照渐进比例强化计划。在实验1中，组胺以剂量依赖性方式降低可卡因的强化效果，这一点可以通过可卡因的需求弹性随组胺剂量增加而增加来证明。在实验2中，组胺降低可卡因的效力和有效性作为一种兴奋剂在剂量依赖性的方式所示的剂量反应函数的下降和向下移动，分别。可卡因的强化效果可以通过组胺的应急自我管理来降低。这些结果表明，将药物惩罚剂与药物抑制剂组合降低了药物抑制剂的最大强化效果，这表明药物惩罚剂作为药物滥用的威慑物的用途（例如，作为与具有滥用可能性的处方药的混合物）。
Recent research has demonstrated that the drug, histamine, can function as a punisher of cocaine self-administration. However, little is known about how drug punishers affect the maximum reinforcing effectiveness of drugs as reinforcers. The goal of the present study was to determine if histamine, when self-administered as a mixture with cocaine, could reduce cocaine’s maximum reinforcing effectiveness using two procedures designed for measuring reinforcing effectiveness. In the first experiment, rhesus monkeys were allowed to self-administer cocaine (0.1 mg/kg/inj) alone or as a mixture with histamine (0.012-0.05 mg/kg/inj) in a behavioral economic design. In the second experiment, monkeys were allowed to self-administer cocaine alone (0.006-0.56 mg/kg/inj) or as a mixture with histamine (0.025-0.1 mg/kg/inj) under a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, histamine decreased the reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by increases in cocaine’s demand elasticity with increases in histamine dose. In Experiment 2, histamine decreased cocaine’s potency and effectiveness as a reinforcer in a dose-dependent manner as indicated by rightward and downward shifts, respectively, in the dose-response functions. The reinforcing effectiveness of cocaine can be reduced by contingent self-administration of histamine. These results indicate that combining drug punishers with drug reinforcers reduces the maximum reinforcing effect of the drug reinforcer, which suggests a use for drug punishers as a deterrent to drug abuse (e.g., as mixtures with prescription medications with abuse potential).
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Negus, SS
通讯作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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