Recent trends in life expectancy across high income countries: retrospective observational study.
Recent trends in life expectancy across high income countries: retrospective observational study.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bmj.k2562
复制
发表时间：
2018-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hendi AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho JY;Hendi AS
评估2014- 2016年期间高收入国家的预期寿命是否下降，确定导致这些下降的死亡原因，并检查这些下降在多大程度上是由各国的共同或不同因素驱动的。使用汇总数据进行人口统计分析。经济合作与发展组织18个成员国的生命统计系统。18个国家在2014-16年提供了高质量的全因和特定原因死亡率数据。出生时预期寿命、0-65岁和65岁或以上以及死亡原因对出生时预期寿命变化的贡献。研究中的大多数高收入国家在2014-15年期间的预期寿命都有所下降;在18个国家中，12个国家的女性预期寿命下降，11个国家的男性预期寿命下降。女性平均减少0.21年，男性减少0.18年。在大多数预期寿命下降的国家，这些下降主要是由老年人（≥65岁）死亡率以及与呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病和精神障碍相关的死亡率趋势驱动的。在美国，预期寿命的下降更多地集中在较年轻的年龄段（0-65岁），药物过量和其他外部死亡原因在推动这些下降方面发挥了重要作用。大多数在2014-15年预期寿命下降的国家在2015-16年的预期寿命增长强劲，超过了下降的补偿。然而，联合王国和美国的预期寿命似乎停滞不前或持续下降，令人对这些国家的未来趋势产生疑问。
To assess whether declines in life expectancy occurred across high income countries during 2014-16, to identify the causes of death contributing to these declines, and to examine the extent to which these declines were driven by shared or differing factors across countries. Demographic analysis using aggregated data. Vital statistics systems of 18 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 18 countries with high quality all cause and cause specific mortality data available in 2014-16. Life expectancy at birth, 0-65 years, and 65 or more years and cause of death contributions to changes in life expectancy at birth. The majority of high income countries in the study experienced declines in life expectancy during 2014-15; of the 18 countries, 12 experienced declines in life expectancy among women and 11 experienced declines in life expectancy among men. The average decline was 0.21 years for women and 0.18 years for men. In most countries experiencing declines in life expectancy, these declines were predominantly driven by trends in older age (≥65 years) mortality and in deaths related to respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, nervous system disease, and mental disorders. In the United States, declines in life expectancy were more concentrated at younger ages (0-65 years), and drug overdose and other external causes of death played important roles in driving these declines. Most of the countries that experienced declines in life expectancy during 2014-15 experienced robust gains in life expectancy during 2015-16 that more than compensated for the declines. However, the United Kingdom and the United States appear to be experiencing stagnating or continued declines in life expectancy, raising questions about future trends in these countries.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
通讯作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
通讯作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
MANTON, KG;VAUPEL, JW
通讯作者：
VAUPEL, JW
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Hamunen, Katri;Laitinen-Parkkonen, Pirjo;Kalso, Eija
通讯作者：
Kalso, Eija
影响因子：
17.3
作者：
Hiam, Lucinda;Dorling, Danny;McKee, Martin
通讯作者：
McKee, Martin