Control of outer radial glial stem cell mitosis in the human brain.

Control of outer radial glial stem cell mitosis in the human brain.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.058
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发表时间:
2014-08-07
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Kriegstein AR
Kriegstein AR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ostrem BE;Lui JH;Gertz CC;Kriegstein AR

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人类新皮层的进化扩张部分归因于胎儿大脑中相对丰富的神经干细胞,称为外放射神经胶质细胞(oRG)。oRG细胞显示出特征性的分裂模式,即有丝分裂体易位(MST),其中索马在胞质分裂之前立即向皮质板快速易位。MST可能是祖细胞区扩张所必需的,但MST的机制尚不清楚,阻碍了其在发育和疾病中功能的探索。在这里,我们表明,MST需要激活的Rho效应ROCK和非肌肉肌球蛋白II,但不是完整的微管,中心体易位到领先的过程中,或钙离子流入。MST不依赖于有丝分裂,与核间迁移和跳跃迁移不同。我们的研究结果表明,中断MST可能是神经发育疾病的影响Rho-ROCK-肌球蛋白通路的基础,并为未来探索MST在新皮质发育,进化和疾病中的作用提供了基础。
Evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex is partially attributed to a relative abundance of neural stem cells in the fetal brain called outer radial glia (oRG). oRG cells display a characteristic division mode, mitotic somal translocation (MST), in which the soma rapidly translocates towards the cortical plate immediately prior to cytokinesis. MST may be essential for progenitor zone expansion, but the mechanism of MST is unknown, hindering exploration of its function in development and disease. Here, we show that MST requires activation of the Rho effector ROCK and non-muscle myosin II, but not intact microtubules, centrosomal translocation into the leading process, or calcium influx. MST is independent of mitosis, and distinct from interkinetic nuclear migration and saltatory migration. Our findings suggest that disrupted MST may underlie neurodevelopmental diseases affecting the Rho-ROCK-myosin pathway, and provide a foundation for future exploration of the role of MST in neocortical development, evolution and disease.
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