The functional significance of newly born neurons integrated into olfactory bulb circuits.

The functional significance of newly born neurons integrated into olfactory bulb circuits.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2014.00121
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Imayoshi I
Imayoshi I
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sakamoto M;Kageyama R;Imayoshi I

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嗅球(olfactory bulb,OB)是第一个与大脑高级区域相连的嗅觉信息中央处理中心,其神经元回路介导了各种气味诱发的行为反应。在成年哺乳动物脑中,连续的神经发生发生在两个限制区域,侧脑室的脑室下区(SVZ)和海马齿状回。新生的神经元在SVZ通过吻侧迁移流迁移,并在整个生命过程中整合到OB的神经元回路中。OB中新神经元的这种持续供应的重要性与可塑性和记忆调节有关。二十年来对成人神经发生的大量研究揭示了新神经元整合到嗅觉回路中的生物学重要性。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了最近的研究结果,新产生的神经元在啮齿动物OB回路的生理功能,然后讨论神经发生在脑功能的贡献。最后,我们将介绍尖端技术来监测和操纵新神经元的活动。
The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first central processing center for olfactory information connecting with higher areas in the brain, and this neuronal circuitry mediates a variety of odor-evoked behavioral responses. In the adult mammalian brain, continuous neurogenesis occurs in two restricted regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. New neurons born in the SVZ migrate through the rostral migratory stream and are integrated into the neuronal circuits of the OB throughout life. The significance of this continuous supply of new neurons in the OB has been implicated in plasticity and memory regulation. Two decades of huge investigation in adult neurogenesis revealed the biological importance of integration of new neurons into the olfactory circuits. In this review, we highlight the recent findings about the physiological functions of newly generated neurons in rodent OB circuits and then discuss the contribution of neurogenesis in the brain function. Finally, we introduce cutting edge technologies to monitor and manipulate the activity of new neurons.
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