Ecosystem simplification, biodiversity loss and plant virus emergence.

Ecosystem simplification, biodiversity loss and plant virus emergence.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2015.01.005
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发表时间:
2015-03
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
García-Arenal F
García-Arenal F
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roossinck MJ;García-Arenal F

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新的植物病毒病在农作物中周期性地出现。这些病毒从其他作物或野生植物中跨物种传播。生物多样性丧失或生态系统简化在这一过程中的作用还没有得到很好的理解。一些明确的例子进行了总结,但这些原则的推广将需要更好地了解植物病毒的生物多样性。植物病毒可以从野生植物宿主进入作物,或者相反地从家养(作物)植物进入野生宿主。生态系统的变化,包括生物多样性的丧失和管理农田的增加,可能会影响植物病毒病的出现。虽然数据有限,但一般认为,生物多样性的丧失是导致疾病出现的原因。对人类病毒进行了更深入的研究,但对植物病毒的研究表明了类似的模式,并表明通过增加人类管理来简化生态系统可能会增加作物中病毒性疾病的出现。
New plant viruses diseases emerge periodically in crops. These viruses jump species from other crops, or from wild plants. The role of biodiversity loss, or ecosystem simplification, in this process is not well understood. A few clear examples are summarized, but generalization of these principles will require better understanding of plant virus biodiversity. Plant viruses can emerge into crops from wild plant hosts, or conversely from domestic (crop) plants into wild hosts. Changes in ecosystems, including loss of biodiversity and increases in managed croplands, can impact the emergence of plant virus disease. Although data are limited, in general the loss of biodiversity is thought to contribute to disease emergence. More in-depth studies have been done for human viruses, but studies with plant viruses suggest similar patterns, and indicate that simplification of ecosystems through increased human management may increase the emergence of viral diseases in crops.
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