Effects of calorie restriction on cardioprotection and cardiovascular health.
Effects of calorie restriction on cardioprotection and cardiovascular health.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.04.015
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Talan MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmet I;Tae HJ;de Cabo R;Lakatta EG;Talan MI
热量限制（CR）和隔日禁食（ADF）方案的多种健康益处已得到广泛认可。关于卡路里限制对心脏健康影响的实验数据更有争议，从ADF保护心脏免受缺血性损伤但导致舒张功能障碍的证据到CR改善年龄相关舒张功能障碍的报道。本文研究慢性CR对老年大鼠心血管系统形态和功能的影响，以及CR对心肌梗死大鼠模型缺血性损伤的心脏保护作用。通过超声心动图、多巴酚丁胺应激测试、压力-容积环路分析、脉搏波速度测量和组织学广泛评估24月龄Fisher 344大鼠的心血管健康状况，并对其进行随意饮食或CR饮食。以2月龄AL大鼠和29月龄CR大鼠为对照。永久性结扎冠状动脉前降支诱导5月龄大鼠心肌梗死（MI），经CR或AL维持3个月。结扎后24小时组织学观察心肌梗死大小。通过超声心动图随访心脏重构。24月龄大鼠的年龄相关变化包括心肌纤维化增加33%，主动脉中膜胶原蛋白增加2倍以上。心肌细胞密度和总数明显降低，心肌细胞体积增大。这些形态学改变表现为心脏收缩和舒张功能下降，左心室和主动脉硬度增加，动脉-心室分离。老年大鼠对多巴酚丁胺刺激无心动过速反应。与AL大鼠相比，24月龄CR大鼠心脏和主动脉纤维化水平降低，心肌细胞密度增加，尺寸较小，舒张功能减弱，收缩功能正常，动脉-心室偶联。24月龄CR大鼠对多巴酚丁胺的心动过速反应也完好无损，主动脉僵硬度降低。通过比例或异速比例尺调整体重差异并不影响AL和CR大鼠之间差异的总体模式。24月龄CR大鼠的形态和功能年龄相关变化的衰减完全没有观察到，或者29月龄CR大鼠的衰减较小。永久性冠状动脉结扎引起的心肌梗死的大小、心肌梗死后的心脏重塑和功能在CR和AL大鼠中相似。CR不会增加心肌对缺血性损伤的耐受性，但会减弱心脏和主要血管的年龄相关变化。CR对年龄相关变化的衰减不能用较低体重的影响来解释，而应归因于CR本身更密切的细胞机制。随着年龄的增长，CR对年龄相关变化的衰减减弱，这与CR延缓衰老的观点是一致的。
Multiple health benefits of calorie restriction (CR) and alternate day fasting (ADF) regimens are widely recognized. Experimental data concerning the effects of calorie restriction on cardiac health are more controversial, ranging from evidence that ADF protects heart from ischemic damage but results in developing of diastolic dysfunction, to reports that CR ameliorates the age-associated diastolic dysfunction. Here we investigated the effects of chronic CR on morphology and function of the cardiovascular system of aged rats and cardioprotective effect of CR against ischemic damage in the experimental rat model of MI. Cardiovascular fitness of 24-mo old Fisher 344 rats maintained through life on ad libitum (AL) or CR diets was extensively evaluated via echocardiography, dobutamine stress test, pressure-volume loop analyses, pulse wave velocity measurements, and histology. Groups of 2-mo old AL and 29-mo old CR rats were studied for comparison. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by a permanent ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery in 5-mo old rats maintained for 3 months on CR or AL. MI size was evaluated histologically 24 hrs following coronary ligation. Cardiac remodeling was followed-up via echocardiography. Age-associated changes in 24-mo old rats consisted of 33% increase of fibrosis in the myocardium and more than 2 fold increase of the collagen in the tunica media of the aorta. There was a significant decrease in the density and total number of cardiomyocytes, while their size was increased. These morphological changes were manifested in a decline of systolic and diastolic cardiac function, increase of left ventricular and aortic stiffness, and arterio-ventricular uncoupling. Tachycardic response to dobutamine challenge was absent in the old rats. Compared to AL rats, 24-mo old CR rats had reduced levels of cardiac and aortic fibrosis, increased density of cardiomyocytes that were smaller in size, attenuated diastolic dysfunction, normal systolic function and arterio-ventricular coupling. Tachycardic response to dobutamine was also intact in CR 24-mo old rats and aortic stiffness was reduced. Adjustment for body weight differences through ratiometric or allometric scaling did not affect the overall pattern of differences between AL and CR rats. Attenuation of morphological and functional age-associated changes in 24-mo old CR rats either was not observed at all or was smaller in 29-mo old CR rats. Size of MI induced by a permanent coronary ligation as well as post-MI cardiac remodeling and function were similar in CR and AL rats. CR does not increase tolerance of myocardium to ischemic damage, but attenuates the age-associated changes in the heart and major vessels. The attenuation of age-associated changes by CR cannot be explained by the effect of lower body weight but are attributable to more intimate cellular mechanisms of CR itself. Attenuation of age-associated changes by CR waned with advancing age, and is consistent with the idea that CR postponed senescence.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
McKiernan, Susan H.;Colman, Ricki J.;Lopez, Marisol;Beasley, T. Mark;Aiken, Judd M.;Anderson, Rozalyn M.;Weindruch, Richard
通讯作者：
Weindruch, Richard
影响因子：
6
作者：
Ahmet, Ismayil;Wan, Ruiqian;Talan, Mark I.
通讯作者：
Talan, Mark I.
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/52a.6.b285
发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Taffet, GE;Pham, TT;Hartley, CJ
通讯作者：
Hartley, CJ
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Park, SY;Choi, GH;Lee, W
通讯作者：
Lee, W
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00022.2005
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Chantler, PD;Clements, RE;Goldspink, DF
通讯作者：
Goldspink, DF