An integrative skeletal and paleogenomic analysis of stature variation suggests relatively reduced health for early European farmers.
An integrative skeletal and paleogenomic analysis of stature variation suggests relatively reduced health for early European farmers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2106743119
复制
发表时间：
2022-04-12
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在过去的12000年里，人类的生存方式从狩猎和采集转变为农业，这对人类的文化、生物和健康产生了影响。虽然过去的人类健康状况不能直接评估，但成人身高变化和非特异性应激的骨骼指标可以作为生长发育期间健康状况的替代指标。通过整合167个史前欧洲人的古基因组基因型和骨学身高数据，我们观察到，在校正了个体基因对身高的影响后，早期农民的身高相对比预期的要短。早期农人营养不良和/或疾病负担增加可能在一定程度上加剧了这一结果。我们的综合骨遗传学模型具有令人兴奋的潜力，研究过去的人类健康和扩展到各种其他情况。人类的文化、生物学和健康在距今12000年前农业的兴起中受到了巨大的影响。考古和种群基因组数据证明，这种转变导致了个体适应性的提高和人口的增长，同时从骨骼遗骸中推断出生理健康状况的下降。在这里，我们考虑了来自同一史前个体的骨学和古代DNA数据，以研究人类身材变化作为向农业过渡期间健康状况的代表。具体来说，我们比较了从古基因组数据中“预测的”遗传对身高的贡献，以及从旧石器时代晚期到铁器时代（约38,000至2,400 B.P.）的167名欧洲人的长骨测量中“实现的”成人骨学高度。我们发现，新石器时代的个体比预期的要矮（考虑到他们的个体多基因身高得分），相对于旧石器时代晚期和中石器时代的个体平均矮- 3.82厘米（P = 0.040），相对于后新石器时代的个体平均矮- 2.21厘米（P = 0.068），在铜器时代（相对于新石器时代+1.95厘米），青铜时代（+2.70厘米）和铁器时代（+3.27厘米），骨骼学和预期的身高稳步增加。当我们额外考虑全基因组遗传祖先变异时，这些结果减弱了：例如，新石器时代个体相对于前新石器时代个体平均比预期矮2.82厘米（P = 0.120）。我们还将非特异性应激的古病理学指标的观察结果纳入了我们的模型中，这些非特异性应激可以在骨骼遗骸中从童年持续到成年。总的来说，我们的工作强调了整合不同数据集以探索史前健康代理的潜力。
Subsistence shifts from hunting and gathering to agriculture over the last 12,000 y have impacted human culture, biology, and health. Although past human health cannot be assessed directly, adult stature variation and skeletal indicators of nonspecific stress can serve as proxies for health during growth and development. By integrating paleogenomic genotype and osteological stature data on a per-individual basis for 167 prehistoric Europeans, we observe relatively shorter than expected statures among early farmers after correcting for individual genetic contributions to stature. Poorer nutrition and/or increased disease burdens for early agriculturalists may partly underscore this result. Our integrated osteological–genetic model has exciting potential for studies of past human health and expansion into various other contexts. Human culture, biology, and health were shaped dramatically by the onset of agriculture ∼12,000 y B.P. This shift is hypothesized to have resulted in increased individual fitness and population growth as evidenced by archaeological and population genomic data alongside a decline in physiological health as inferred from skeletal remains. Here, we consider osteological and ancient DNA data from the same prehistoric individuals to study human stature variation as a proxy for health across a transition to agriculture. Specifically, we compared “predicted” genetic contributions to height from paleogenomic data and “achieved” adult osteological height estimated from long bone measurements for 167 individuals across Europe spanning the Upper Paleolithic to Iron Age (∼38,000 to 2,400 B.P.). We found that individuals from the Neolithic were shorter than expected (given their individual polygenic height scores) by an average of −3.82 cm relative to individuals from the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic (P = 0.040) and −2.21 cm shorter relative to post-Neolithic individuals (P = 0.068), with osteological vs. expected stature steadily increasing across the Copper (+1.95 cm relative to the Neolithic), Bronze (+2.70 cm), and Iron (+3.27 cm) Ages. These results were attenuated when we additionally accounted for genome-wide genetic ancestry variation: for example, with Neolithic individuals −2.82 cm shorter than expected on average relative to pre-Neolithic individuals (P = 0.120). We also incorporated observations of paleopathological indicators of nonspecific stress that can persist from childhood to adulthood in skeletal remains into our model. Overall, our work highlights the potential of integrating disparate datasets to explore proxies of health in prehistory.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bycroft C;Freeman C;Petkova D;Band G;Elliott LT;Sharp K;Motyer A;Vukcevic D;Delaneau O;O'Connell J;Cortes A;Welsh S;Young A;Effingham M;McVean G;Leslie S;Allen N;Donnelly P;Marchini J
通讯作者：
Marchini J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Ash, Abigail;Francken, Michael;Pinhasi, Ron
通讯作者：
Pinhasi, Ron
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Briggs AW;Stenzel U;Meyer M;Krause J;Kircher M;Pääbo S
通讯作者：
Pääbo S
影响因子：
1
作者：
Cardoso, H. F. V.;Gomes, J. E. A.
通讯作者：
Gomes, J. E. A.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Brickley, Megan B.
通讯作者：
Brickley, Megan B.