Use-dependent learning and memory of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex in rats.
Use-dependent learning and memory of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex in rats.
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DOI：
10.1113/expphysiol.2008.045344
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Poon CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacDonald SM;Tin C;Song G;Poon CS
经典的Hering-Breuer充气反射（HBIR）是理解肺体积相关的迷走神经呼吸节律控制的一个广泛的原则。然而，最近的证据表明，迷走神经电刺激在大鼠中引发的有效hbbr不是静态的，而是可能被两种形式的非联想学习（习惯化和脱敏化）集中减弱，这两种形式的非联想学习通过指数适应（如微分器或高通滤波器）不断减轻反射效应。脱敏类似于习惯化，但表现为外显短期记忆（STM），在刺激恢复过程中表现为反弹反应，呈指数衰减。为了研究这种学习和记忆效应是否与肺容量相关和使用依赖（熟能生巧），我们比较了麻醉、单迷走神经或双迷走神经切除大鼠在1分钟或8分钟单侧肺扩张或高频/低强度迷走神经刺激期间和之后吸气和呼气持续时间（TI， TE）的时间依赖性变化。单侧肺扩张和迷走神经刺激均引起TI的突然缩短和TE的延长（HBIR效应），并在1或8分钟的测试期间逐渐适应和脱敏，随后TI和TE出现反弹反应，并在测试后出现指数恢复（STM效应）。在这两种情况下，8分钟测试的TI和TE的STM时间常数明显长于1分钟测试（17-45秒比4-11秒，p<0.01）。我们得出结论，HBIR及其中枢习惯化和脱敏是由肺容量相关的迷走神经传入外周介导的，脱敏的STM是使用依赖性的。讨论了这些发现的翻译意义。
The classic Hering-Breuer inflation reflex (HBIR) is a widely-held tenet for understanding the lung volume-related vagal control of respiratory rhythm. Recent evidence, however, has revealed that the fictive HBIR elicited by electrical vagal stimulation in rats is not static but may be attenuated centrally by two forms of nonassociative learning (habituation and desensitization) that continually mitigate the reflex effects with exponential adaptations like a differentiator or high-pass filter. Desensitization is analogous to habituation but exhibits an explicit short-term memory (STM) in the form of a rebound response with exponential decay during recovery from stimulation. To investigate whether such learning and memory effects are lung volume-related and use-dependent (practice-makes-perfect), we compared the time-dependent changes in inspiratory and expiratory durations (TI, TE) during and after 1-min or 8-min unilateral lung inflation or high-frequency/low-intensity vagal stimulation in anesthetized, uni- or bi-vagotomized rats. Unilateral lung inflation and vagal stimulation both elicited abrupt shortening of TI and lengthening of TE (HBIR effects) and gradual habituation and desensitization throughout the 1- or 8-min test period, followed by rebound responses in TI and TE with exponential recovery (STM effects) in the post-test period. In both cases, the STM time constants for TI and TE were significantly longer with the 8-min test than the 1-min test (17-45 sec vs. 4-11 sec, p<0.01). We conclude that the HBIR and its central habituation and desensitization are mediated peripherally by lung volume-related vagal afferents, and that the STM of desensitization is use-dependent. The translational implications of these findings are discussed.
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影响因子：
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