NPY and stress 30 years later: the peripheral view.
NPY and stress 30 years later: the peripheral view.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10571-011-9793-z
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zukowska, Zofia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirsch, Dalay;Zukowska, Zofia
关键词：
神经肽Y（neuropeptide Y，NPY）是近30年前发现的一种交感神经共递质，也是一种在进化上最保守的肽，广泛存在于人体各个部位。不久之后，NPY的多种受体被鉴定和克隆，这种肽在压力中的作用首次被记录下来。NPY已被证明是维持许多应激反应的关键。最值得注意的是，已知NPY可激活许多血管床（包括冠状动脉）中的持久血管收缩。最近，发现NPY在应激诱导的脂肪组织增生中起作用，这多次可导致有害的代谢变化。然而，正是由于它在大脑中的突出作用，其中之一是它刺激食欲的强大能力以及它的抗焦虑活性，神经肽Y成为神经科学中重要的肽。相比之下，它在身体其他部位的作用，包括它作为压力调节剂的作用，仍然令人惊讶地被低估，也没有得到很好的理解。我们的研究集中在NPY的另一个“外围”方面。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论NPY对心血管系统和代谢的作用，因为它们与适应应激有关，并试图区分NPY的作用，并将其与经典的应激介质，糖皮质激素和儿茶酚胺的作用相结合。为了限制20多年来通过NPY的眼睛观察压力世界的人（ZZ）的偏见，已经征求了新的见解（DH），以更客观地评估NPY对压力相关疾病的贡献和身体适应压力的能力。
Almost 30 years ago, neuropeptide Y (NPY) was discovered as a sympathetic co-transmitter and one of the most evolutionarily conserved peptides abundantly present all over the body. Soon afterward, NPY’s multiple receptors were characterized and cloned, and the peptide’s role in stress was first documented. NPY has proven to be pivotal for maintaining many stress responses. Most notably, NPY is known for activating long-lasting vasoconstriction in many vascular beds, including coronary arteries. More recently, NPY was found to play a role in stress-induced accretion of adipose tissue which many times can lead to detrimental metabolic changes. It is however due to its prominent actions in the brain, one of which is its powerful ability to stimulate appetite as well as its anxiolytic activities that NPY became a peptide of importance in neuroscience. In contrast, its actions in the rest of the body, including its role as a stress mediator, remained, surprisingly underappreciated and not well understood. Our research has focused on that other, “peripheral” side of NPY. In this review, we will discuss those actions of NPY on the cardiovascular system and metabolism, as they relate to adaptation to stress, and attempt to both distinguish NPY’s effects from and integrate them with the effects of the classical stress mediators, glucocorticoids, and catecholamines. To limit the bias of someone (ZZ) who has viewed the world of stress through the eyes of NPY for over 20 years, fresh insight (DH) has been solicited to more objectively assess NPY’s contributions to stress-related diseases and the body’s ability to adapt to stress.
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