The role of the amygdala in processing social and affective touch.
The role of the amygdala in processing social and affective touch.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.004
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Fuglevand, Andrew J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gothard, Katalin M.;Fuglevand, Andrew J.
杏仁核在情绪和社会行为中起着核心作用，但它在处理社会和情感触摸中的作用还没有得到很好的确定。纵向研究表明，被剥夺触摸的婴儿在以后的生活中表现出与杏仁核和其他大脑结构的结构和功能变化有关的夸张的情绪反应。杏仁核的内部组织和连接非常适合处理触觉刺激的感官特征，以及所接收的触摸的社会认知维度。自下而上和自上而下的路径，携带有关触摸的信息的结果在上下文适当的自主反应的阐述收敛处理。事实上，人类的情感触摸和非人类灵长类动物的社会梳理的积极价值与迷走神经张力和催产素和内源性阿片类药物的释放有关。梳理毛发，在非人类灵长类动物中相当于人类的情感接触，会降低警惕性，这取决于杏仁核。在触觉诱导的迷走神经紧张和低警觉期间，杏仁核中的神经活动与触觉刺激的注意处理对应的活动有实质性的不同。在这种情况下，神经元不再对每一次触摸刺激做出阶段性反应，而是发出一种持续的功能状态信号，在这种状态下，杏仁核似乎与外部环境的监测脱钩。
The amygdala plays a central role in emotion and social behavior, yet its role in processing social and affective touch is not well established. Longitudinal studies reveal that touch-deprived infants show later in life exaggerated emotional reactivity related to structural and functional changes in the amygdala and other brain structures. The internal organization and connectivity of the amygdala is well-suited to process the sensory features of tactile stimuli and also the socio-cognitive dimensions of the received touch. The convergent processing of bottom-up and top-down pathways that carry information about touch results in the elaboration of context appropriate autonomic responses. Indeed, the positive value of affective touch in humans and social grooming in non-human primates is correlated with vagal tone and the release of oxytocin and endogenous opioids. Grooming, the non-human primate equivalent of affective touch in humans, reduces vigilance, that depends on the amygdala. During touch-induced vagal tone and low vigilance, neural activity in the amygdala is substantially different from activity corresponding to the attentive processing of tactile stimuli. Under these circumstances neurons no longer respond phasically to each touch stimulus, rather they signal a sustained functional state in which the amygdala appears decoupled from monitoring the external environment.
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