Cutaneous Disseminated and Extracutaneous Sporotrichosis: Current Status of a Complex Disease.

Cutaneous Disseminated and Extracutaneous Sporotrichosis: Current Status of a Complex Disease.
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DOI:
10.3390/jof3010006
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发表时间:
2017-02-10
期刊:
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tirado-Sánchez A
Tirado-Sánchez A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bonifaz A;Tirado-Sánchez A

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孢子丝菌病是由申克孢子丝菌复合体引起的植入或接种真菌病;其主要表现仅限于皮肤;然而,皮肤播散型、内脏播散型和皮肤外型孢子丝菌病可能与免疫抑制有关,包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病、慢性酒精中毒或毒性更强的菌株。最常见的皮外孢子丝菌病包括肺孢子丝菌病、骨关节孢子丝菌病和脑膜孢子丝菌病。实验室诊断需要观察酵母形态并分离真菌;两种主要病原体是申克孢子丝菌 (SS) 和巴西孢子丝菌。使用生物样品或培养物通过聚合酶链反应进行抗体水平和物种识别也很有用。大多数病例选择的治疗方法是两性霉素 B 和随后的伊曲康唑维持治疗。
Sporotrichosis is an implantation or inoculation mycosis caused by species of Sporothrix schenckii complex; its main manifestations are limited to skin; however, cutaneous-disseminated, disseminated (visceral) and extracutaneous variants of sporotrichosis can be associated with immunosuppression, including HIV-AIDS, chronic alcoholism or more virulent strains. The most common extracutaneous form of sporotrichosis includes pulmonary, osteoarticular and meningeal. The laboratory diagnosis requires observing yeast forms and isolating the fungus; the two main causative agents are Sporothrix schenckii (ss) and Sporothrix brasiliensis. Antibody levels and species recognition by Polimerase Chain Reaction using biological samples or cultures are also useful. The treatment of choice for most cases is amphotericin B and subsequent itraconazole for maintenance therapy.
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