Coinfections and Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Strains Isolated From Diseased Swine in North Western Germany-Temporal Patterns in Samples From Routine Laboratory Practice From 2006 to 2020.
Coinfections and Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Strains Isolated From Diseased Swine in North Western Germany-Temporal Patterns in Samples From Routine Laboratory Practice From 2006 to 2020.
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DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2021.802570
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kreienbrock L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennig-Pauka I;Hartmann M;Merkel J;Kreienbrock L
尽管已有有效的商业疫苗，但胸膜肺炎放线杆菌 (APP) 是一种主要的细菌性猪呼吸道病原体，在世界范围内引起疾病暴发。由于这种预防措施经常失败，因此在爆发情况下使用抗菌药物治疗对于防止动物损失是必不可少的。因此，保持抗菌物质对抗 APP 的有效性应成为任何干预措施的首要目标。在这项研究中，从常规诊断数据库中回顾性分析了 2006 年至 2020 年期间 APP 抗菌药物耐药性的时间发展。与此同时，对频繁的双重感染进行了评估，以确定最重要的生物辅助因子，作为地方性感染牛群中疾病爆发的重要触发因素。 APP 血清型 2 的比例随着时间的推移而下降，但最常从患病猪中分离出来（2020 年为 57%）。在约 1% 的病例中，APP 是从呼吸道以外的身体部位（如大脑和关节）分离出来的。耐药菌株出现频率最低的是头孢噻吩和头孢噻呋（0.18%）、氟苯尼考（0.24%）、替米考星（2.4%）、泰妙菌素（2.4%）、恩诺沙星（2.7%）和大观霉素（3.6%），而耐药菌株出现频率最高的是庆大霉素（30.9%）、青霉素（51.5%）和四环素（78.2%）。对于恩诺沙星、泰妙菌素、替米考星和四环素，与 2006-2014 年相比，2015-2020 年期间发现的耐药菌株频率显着降低，而庆大霉素耐药菌株则有所增加。总之，由于耐药菌株而导致治疗失败的风险很低。在 APP 呈阳性的猪中最多可鉴定出多达六种共感染病原体。最常见的是猪同时感染猪圆环病毒2型（56%）、猪链球菌（24.8%）或猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（23.3%）。实验结果发表的这些病原体之间的潜在协同效应也可以通过这些现场数据进行假设。为了将来更有效地预防地方性感染牛群中APP疾病的爆发，除了环境触发因素之外，预防措施还必须解决同时感染的因素。
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is one major bacterial porcine respiratory tract pathogen causing disease outbreaks worldwide, although effective commercial vaccines are available. Due to frequent failure of this preventive measure, treatment with antimicrobials is indispensable to prevent animal losses within an outbreak situation. To preserve the effectivity of antimicrobial substances to fight APP should therefore be the primary aim of any interventions. In this study, the temporal development of antimicrobial resistance in APP was analyzed retrospectively in the time period 2006–2020 from a routine diagnostic database. In parallel, frequent coinfections were evaluated to identify most important biotic cofactors as important triggers for disease outbreaks in endemically infected herds. The proportion of APP serotype 2 decreased over time but was isolated most often from diseased swine (57% in 2020). In ~1% of the cases, APP was isolated from body sites outside the respiratory tract as brain and joints. The lowest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for cephalothin and ceftiofur (0.18%), florfenicol (0.24%), tilmicosin (2.4%), tiamulin (2.4%), enrofloxacin (2.7%), and spectinomycin (3.6%), while the highest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for gentamicin (30.9%), penicillin (51.5%), and tetracycline (78.2%). For enrofloxacin, tiamulin, tilmicosin, and tetracycline, significantly lower frequencies of resistant isolates were found in the time period 2015–2020 compared to 2006–2014, while gentamicin-resistant isolates increased. In summary, there is only a low risk of treatment failure due to resistant isolates. In maximum, up to six coinfecting pathogens were identified in pigs positive for APP. Most often pigs were coinfected with Porcine Circovirus 2 (56%), Streptococcus suis (24.8%), or the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (23.3%). Potential synergistic effects between these pathogens published from experimental findings can be hypothesized by these field data as well. To prevent APP disease outbreaks in endemically infected herds more efficiently in the future, next to environmental trigger factors, preventive measures must also address the coinfecting agents.
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影响因子：
9
作者：
de Buhr, Nicole;Bonilla, Marta C.;von Koeckritz-Blickwede, Maren
通讯作者：
von Koeckritz-Blickwede, Maren
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Aper, Doris;Froembling, Janna;Hennig-Pauka, Isabel
通讯作者：
Hennig-Pauka, Isabel
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Hoeltig, Doris;Rohde, Judith;Waldmann, Karl-Heinz
通讯作者：
Waldmann, Karl-Heinz
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bossé JT;Li Y;Fernandez Crespo R;Lacouture S;Gottschalk M;Sárközi R;Fodor L;Casas Amoribieta M;Angen Ø;Nedbalcova K;Holden MTG;Maskell DJ;Tucker AW;Wren BW;Rycroft AN;Langford PR;BRaDP1T consortium
通讯作者：
BRaDP1T consortium
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Archambault, Marie;Harel, Josee;Jacques, Mario
通讯作者：
Jacques, Mario