A comparison of medetomidine and its active enantiomer dexmedetomidine when administered with ketamine in mice.
A comparison of medetomidine and its active enantiomer dexmedetomidine when administered with ketamine in mice.
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-6148-9-48
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发表时间：
2013-03-13
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Thomas AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burnside WM;Flecknell PA;Cameron AI;Thomas AA
美托咪定-氯胺酮（MK）和右美托咪定-氯胺酮（DK）广泛用于在实验室动物中提供全身麻醉，但尚未在许多这些种属（包括啮齿动物）中进行直接比较。本研究旨在采用随机化半交叉设计，在10只雄性和10只雌性小鼠中比较氯胺酮（75 mg kg-1）与美托咪定（1 mg kg-1）或右美托咪定（0.5 mg kg-1）联合腹腔内（IP）或皮下（SC）给药后的麻醉起效和深度以及生命体征变化，给药之间≥ 48小时。每只小鼠使用相同的给药途径（IP或SC）麻醉两次：每种药物-氯胺酮组合麻醉一次。在没有补充氧气的情况下，在加热垫上监测麻醉小鼠89分钟;给予阿替美唑用于逆转。使用一般线性模型分析注射后翻正反射丢失和逆转后恢复的时间。尾捏和踏板反射进行了研究，使用二项式广义线性模型。使用广义加性混合模型比较脉率（PR）、呼吸频率（fr）和动脉血红蛋白饱和度（SpO 2）。在翻正反射或夹尾反射反应的丧失和恢复所需时间方面，治疗组间无显著差异。随着时间的推移，MK比DK更频繁地消除踏板撤回反射（P = 0.021）。治疗组间PR和SpO 2的反应相似，但MK组的fr显著高于DK组（P ≤ 0.0005）。在所有治疗组中，SpO 2浓度在注射后5分钟内显著降低（83.8 ± 6.7%），在89分钟后最严重（66.7 ± 7.5%）。在给药途径方面未检测到统计学差异（P ≤ 0.94）。该研究未能证明当与氯胺酮组合以在小鼠中产生全身麻醉时，对映体右美托咪定相对于美托咪定的临床优势。在给药剂量下，两种组合均不能持续产生深度手术麻醉;因此，在进行外科手术前必须评估麻醉深度。麻醉期间应始终提供补充氧气，以防止低氧血症。
Medetomidine-ketamine (MK) and dexmedetomidine-ketamine (DK) are widely used to provide general anaesthesia in laboratory animals, but have not been compared directly in many of these species, including rodents. This study aimed to compare the onset and depth of anaesthesia, and changes in vital signs, after intraperitoneal (IP) or subcutaneous (SC) administration of ketamine (75 mg kg-1) combined with medetomidine (1 mg kg-1) or dexmedetomidine (0.5 mg kg-1) using a randomised semi-crossover design with ≥ 48 hours between treatments in 10 male and 10 female mice. Each mouse was anaesthetised twice using the same administration route (IP or SC): once with each drug-ketamine combination. Anaesthetised mice were monitored on a heating pad without supplemental oxygen for 89 minutes; atipamezole was administered for reversal. The times that the righting reflex was lost post-injection and returned post-reversal were analysed using general linear models. Tail-pinch and pedal reflexes were examined using binomial generalized linear models. Pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (fr), and arterial haemoglobin saturation (SpO2) were compared using generalized additive mixed models. There were no significant differences among treatments for the times taken for loss and return of the righting reflex, or response of the tail-pinch reflex. The pedal withdrawal reflex was abolished more frequently with MK than DK over time (P = 0.021). The response of PR and SpO2 were similar among treatments, but fr was significantly higher with MK than DK (P ≤ 0.0005). Markedly low SpO2 concentrations occurred within 5 minutes post-injection (83.8 ± 6.7%) in all treatment groups and were most severe after 89 minutes lapsed (66.7 ± 7.5%). No statistical differences were detected in regards to administration route (P ≤ 0.94). This study failed to demonstrate clinical advantages of the enantiomer dexmedetomidine over medetomidine when combined with ketamine to produce general anaesthesia in mice. At the doses administered, deep surgical anaesthesia was not consistently produced with either combination; therefore, anaesthetic depth must be assessed before performing surgical procedures. Supplemental oxygen should always be provided during anaesthesia to prevent hypoxaemia.
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00354.x
发表时间：
2001-05-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE SERIES A-PHYSIOLOGY PATHOLOGY CLINICAL MEDICINE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kästner, SBR;Von Rechenberg, B;Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R
通讯作者：
Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Granholm, M.;McKusick, B. C.;Aspegren, J. C.
通讯作者：
Aspegren, J. C.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-2995.1991.tb00008.x
发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia
影响因子：
--
作者：
Clarke, K. W.;England, G. C. W.;Goossens, L.
通讯作者：
Goossens, L.
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Bouts, Tim;Taylor, Polly;Gasthuys, Frank
通讯作者：
Gasthuys, Frank
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00732.x
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Gómez-Villamandos, RJ;Palacios, C;Von der Burg, J
通讯作者：
Von der Burg, J