Intact inhibitory control processes in abstinent drug abusers (I): a functional neuroimaging study in former cocaine addicts.
Intact inhibitory control processes in abstinent drug abusers (I): a functional neuroimaging study in former cocaine addicts.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.02.018
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Garavan H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell RP;Foxe JJ;Ross LA;Garavan H
在当前可卡因依赖（CD）个体中的神经影像学研究一致地揭示了反应抑制回路（RIC）各区域的皮质功能减退。这个关键的执行网络的失调被假设为解释缺乏抑制控制，这是成瘾表型的标志，慢性滥用被认为是复合的问题。一个关键的问题是，在药物停止后，该回路的缺陷是否持续存在，以及在长期禁欲后，该系统是否会恢复，这是一个对治疗过程和结果有影响的问题。利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），我们研究了激活节点的RIC在禁欲CD个人（n = 27）和非使用控制（n = 45），而他们进行了运动反应抑制任务。与目前的用户相比，这些禁欲的个人，尽管长期的可卡因滥用的历史（平均使用时间= 8.2年），执行任务一样有效的非用户。与这些行为发现一致，未发现RIC激活的组间差异的证据，相反，在RIC的充分表征的节点内，两组中均明显存在稳健的激活。同样，我们的补充脑电图（EEG）的调查也表明，没有行为和电生理缺陷的戒毒药物滥用者。这些结果与药物停止后抑制回路中神经生物学缺陷的改善一致，并且可以帮助解释如何保持长期禁欲。最后，回归分析显示，在CD队列中，右丘脑的激活水平与抑制成功和戒断持续时间增加之间存在显着相关性，这表明该区域可能是成功恢复可卡因成瘾所不可或缺的。
Neuroimaging studies in current cocaine dependent (CD) individuals consistently reveal cortical hypoactivity across regions of the response inhibition circuit (RIC). Dysregulation of this critical executive network is hypothesized to account for the lack of inhibitory control that is a hallmark of the addictive phenotype, and chronic abuse is believed to compound the issue. A crucial question is whether deficits in this circuit persist after drug cessation, and whether recovery of this system will be seen after extended periods of abstinence, a question with implications for treatment course and outcome. Utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined activation in nodes of the RIC in abstinent CD individuals (n = 27) and non-using controls (n = 45) while they performed a motor response inhibition task. In contrast to current users, these abstinent individuals, despite extended histories of chronic cocaine-abuse (average duration of use = 8.2 years), performed the task just as efficiently as non-users. In line with these behavioral findings, no evidence for between-group differences in activation of the RIC was found and instead, robust activations were apparent in both groups within the well-characterized nodes of the RIC. Similarly, our complementary Electroencephalography (EEG) investigation also showed an absence of behavioral and electrophysiological deficits in abstinent drug abusers. These results are consistent with an amelioration of neurobiological deficits in inhibitory circuitry following drug cessation, and could help explain how long-term abstinence is maintained. Finally, regression analyses revealed a significant association between level of activation in the right insula with inhibition success and increased abstinence duration in the CD cohort suggesting that this region may be integral to successful recovery from cocaine addiction.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2008.0106
发表时间：
2008-10-12
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Garavan, Hugh;Kaufman, Jacqueline N.;Hester, Robert
通讯作者：
Hester, Robert
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.14.8301
发表时间：
1999-07-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Garavan, H;Ross, TJ;Stein, EA
通讯作者：
Stein, EA
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Chevrier, Andre D.;Noseworthy, Michael D.;Schachar, Russell
通讯作者：
Schachar, Russell
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Aharonovich, E;Hasin, DS;Nunes, EV
通讯作者：
Nunes, EV
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Hampshire A;Chamberlain SR;Monti MM;Duncan J;Owen AM
通讯作者：
Owen AM