Binary components of food reinforcement: Amplitude and persistence.
Binary components of food reinforcement: Amplitude and persistence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.023
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bickel WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Epstein LH;Stein JS;Paluch RA;MacKillop J;Bickel WK
需求曲线提供了一个指数，如何加强食品。研究酒精和烟草强化的潜在结构确定了强化的两个基本组成部分，幅度和持久性。没有研究评估食物强化的潜在结构以及这些因素如何与BMI相关。参与者是来自两项研究的297名成年人，他们完成了食物购买任务，以评估食物的相对强化功效（RRE）的以下指标：强度（Q0）：在食物免费或价格非常低时购买，Omax：最大支出（最大购买量 * 价格），Pmax：观察到最大支出的价格点，断点：需求弹性（α）：购买与价格之间的数量非线性关系。主成分分析被用来检查跨样本和食品类型的食品RRE的因素结构。这两项研究都揭示了两个因素的解决方案，Pmax，Omax，断点和加载的因素1（持久性）和强度（Q0）加载的因素2（振幅）在高和低能量密集的食物。持久性反映了价格敏感性的总体衡量标准，而幅度反映了消费的首选数量（多远与多少）。这两个因素占91.7%至95.4%的食品强化的方差。高能量密集食物的强度预测两项研究的BMI（r = 0.18和r = 0.22，p < 0.05）。潜在的因素结构是相似的，在两个显着不同的独立样本，并在低能量和高能量密集的零食。此外，需求曲线的振幅，而不是持久性，与BMI有关。这些结果表明，食物强化的具体方面可以有针对性地改变食物摄入量。
Demand curves provide an index of how reinforcing a food is. Research examining the latent structure of alcohol and tobacco reinforcement identified two underlying components of reinforcement, amplitude and persistence. No research has assessed latent structure of food reinforcement and how these factors are related to BMI. Participants were 297 adults from two studies that completed food purchasing tasks to assess the following measures of relative reinforcing efficacy (RRE) of food: intensity (Q0): purchases made when the food was free or of very minimal price, Omax: maximum expenditure (maximum purchases*price), Pmax: price point where maximum expenditure was observed, breakpoint: first price where o purchases are made, and demand elasticity (α): quantitative non-linear relationship between purchasing and price. Principal components analysis was used to examine the factor structure of RRE for food across samples and types of food. Both studies revealed two factor solutions, with Pmax, Omax, breakpoint and a loading on factor 1 (persistence) and intensity (Q0) loading on factor 2 (amplitude) across both high and low energy dense foods. Persistence reflects an aggregate measure of price sensitivity and amplitude reflects the preferred volume of consumption (how far vs. how much). The two factors accounted for between 91.7 to 95.4% of the variance in food reinforcement. Intensity for high energy dense foods predicted BMI for both studies (r = 0.18 and r = 0.22, p’s < 0.05). The latent factor structure was similar across two significantly different independent samples and across low and high energy dense snack foods. In addition, the amplitude of the demand curve, but not persistence, was related to BMI. These results suggest specific aspects of food reinforcement that can be targeted to alter food intake.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01656.x
发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Amlung, Michael T.;Acker, John;MacKillop, James
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Audrain-McGovern, Janet;Rodriguez, Daniel;Epstein, Leonard H.;Rodgers, Kelli;Cuevas, Jocelyn;Wileyto, E. Paul
通讯作者：
Wileyto, E. Paul
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Amlung, M.;Petker, T.;MacKillop, J.
通讯作者：
MacKillop, J.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Aston, Elizabeth R.;Metrik, Jane;MacKillop, James
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Koffarnus, Mikhail N.;Franck, Christopher T.;Bickel, Warren K.
通讯作者：
Bickel, Warren K.