A Sensitive Homecage-Based Novel Object Recognition Task for Rodents.
A Sensitive Homecage-Based Novel Object Recognition Task for Rodents.
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一种基于敏感主页的啮齿动物新物体识别任务。
DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2021.680042
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Leasure JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wooden JI;Spinetta MJ;Nguyen T;O'Leary CI;Leasure JL
对新物体的识别是啮齿动物的常见认知测试，但目前的范式具有局限性，例如灵敏度低，可能的气味混淆和由于在家庭之外进行而产生的压力。我们已经开发了一个范例，发生在家庭，并利用四个刺激，每次审判，以增加灵敏度。气味混淆被消除了，因为刺激物由廉价的、批量购买的加工过的木珠组成，所以每只实验动物都有自己的一套刺激物。这个范例包括三个步骤。在步骤1，即采样阶段，动物自由探索熟悉的物体（FO）。新对象（NO1和NO2）被来自家庭住宅的床上用品弄脏，以获得与FO相同的气味线索。第2步和第3步是测试阶段。在这里，我们报告的结果，这一范例从神经系统完整的成年大鼠和小鼠的性别。两个物种使用相同的程序，除了用于小鼠的刺激较小。正如第2步（NO1试验阶段）所预期的，雄性和雌性大鼠和小鼠对NO1的探索显著多于FO。在第3步（NO2试验阶段）中，两种性别的大鼠均表现出对NO2的偏好，而这仅见于雌性小鼠。这些结果表明，在大鼠中，在步骤2和3期间，新颖性识别是稳健的。在小鼠中，这仅在步骤2中可靠地观察到，这表明在给定的参数下，步骤3对它们来说很困难。该范例提供了采样阶段长度的灵活性，并且可以调整测试阶段和采样阶段之间的延迟，以针对被测试的模型定制任务难度。总之，这种新的物体识别测试执行简单，不需要昂贵的用品或设备，在家庭中进行（减少压力），消除气味混淆，利用4种刺激来增加灵敏度，可以在大鼠和小鼠中进行，并且是高度灵活的，因为可以调整采样相位和步骤之间的延迟以定制任务难度。总的来说，这些结果表明，这种模式可以用来量化跨性别和物种的新物体识别。
The recognition of novel objects is a common cognitive test for rodents, but current paradigms have limitations, such as low sensitivity, possible odor confounds and stress due to being performed outside of the homecage. We have developed a paradigm that takes place in the homecage and utilizes four stimuli per trial, to increase sensitivity. Odor confounds are eliminated because stimuli consist of inexpensive, machined wooden beads purchased in bulk, so each experimental animal has its own set of stimuli. This paradigm consists of three steps. In Step 1, the sampling phase, animals freely explore familiar objects (FO). Novel Objects (NO1 and NO2) are soiled with bedding from the homecage, to acquire odor cues identical to those of the FO. Steps 2 and 3 are test phases. Herein we report results of this paradigm from neurologically intact adult rats and mice of both sexes. Identical procedures were used for both species, except that the stimuli used for the mice were smaller. As expected in Step 2 (NO1 test phase), male and female rats and mice explored NO1 significantly more than FO. In Step 3 (NO2 test phase), rats of both sexes demonstrated a preference for NO2, while this was seen only in female mice. These results indicate robust novelty recognition during Steps 2 and 3 in rats. In mice, this was reliably seen only in Step 2, indicating that Step 3 was difficult for them under the given parameters. This paradigm provides flexibility in that length of the sampling phase, and the delay between test and sampling phases can be adjusted, to tailor task difficulty to the model being tested. In sum, this novel object recognition test is simple to perform, requires no expensive supplies or equipment, is conducted in the homecage (reducing stress), eliminates odor confounds, utilizes 4 stimuli to increase sensitivity, can be performed in both rats and mice, and is highly flexible, as sampling phase and the delay between steps can be adjusted to tailor task difficulty. Collectively, these results indicate that this paradigm can be used to quantify novel object recognition across sex and species.
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