Basic Information Processing Abilities at 11 years Account for Deficits in IQ Associated with Preterm Birth.
Basic Information Processing Abilities at 11 years Account for Deficits in IQ Associated with Preterm Birth.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.intell.2011.03.003
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发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Van Rossem R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rose SA;Feldman JF;Jankowski JJ;Van Rossem R
虽然它是公认的，早产儿作为一个群体做不好相对于他们的足月同龄人的全球认知功能的测试，这种相对缺陷的基础是不太了解。本文探讨早产儿的核心认知能力的缺陷，并确定其在调解早产儿/足月智商差异的作用。研究人员比较了11岁早产儿（出生体重<1750克）及其足月对照组在15项任务中的表现，这些任务涵盖了四个基本的认知领域--记忆、注意力、处理速度和表征能力。这四个领域的有效性建立了使用潜变量和验证性因素分析（CFA）。早产儿表现出广泛的赤字内和跨域。此外，在结构方程模型中，这四个认知领域完全介导了智商的早产儿缺陷，该模型涉及从基本能力（注意力和速度）到更复杂的能力（记忆力和表征能力）再到智商的级联。与婴儿期和幼儿期的研究结果相似，表明早产儿缺陷持续存在-跨时间，跨任务，从非语言到语言时期。
Although it is well established that preterms as a group do poorly relative to their full-term peers on tests of global cognitive functioning, the basis for this relative deficiency is less understood. The present paper examines preterm deficits in core cognitive abilities and determines their role in mediating preterm/full-term differences in IQ. The performance of 11-year-old children born preterm (birth weight <1750g) and their full-term controls were compared on a large battery of 15 tasks, covering four basic cognitive domains -- memory, attention, speed of processing and representational competence. The validity of these four domains was established using latent variables and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Preterms showed pervasive deficits within and across domains. Additionally, preterm deficits in IQ were completely mediated by these four cognitive domains in a structural equation model involving a cascade from elementary abilities (attention and speed), to more complex abilities (memory and representational competence), to IQ. The similarity of findings to those obtained with this cohort in infancy and toddlerhood suggest that preterm deficits persist – across time, across task, and from the non-verbal to the verbal period.
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