Alcohol Use and the Risk of Communicable Diseases.
Alcohol Use and the Risk of Communicable Diseases.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu13103317
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发表时间：
2021-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Rehm J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morojele NK;Shenoi SV;Shuper PA;Braithwaite RS;Rehm J
近年来，关于饮酒和传染病的知识不断增加。本文采用叙述性综述的方法，讨论了酒精在四种不同传染病的获得和治疗结果中的作用：这些包括迄今为止比较风险评估中包括的三种情况--人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/艾滋病，结核病（TB），和下呼吸道感染/肺炎-以及严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），因为它最近迅速Ascension为全球健康问题。2016年，酒精导致的结核病、艾滋病和肺炎共造成约36万人死亡和1300万残疾调整生命年损失（DADs），其中酒精导致的结核病死亡和DADs占主导地位。有强有力的证据表明，酒精通过行为和生物机制与艾滋病毒，结核病和肺炎的发病率增加和治疗效果较差有关。初步研究表明，重度饮酒者和酒精使用障碍者感染COVID-19和患严重疾病的风险增加。除了艾滋病毒研究之外，现有的有限研究可以指导应对酒精所致结核病和肺炎或COVID-19的干预措施。建议实施有效的个人干预措施和酒精控制政策，作为减轻传染病负担的一种手段。
The body of knowledge on alcohol use and communicable diseases has been growing in recent years. Using a narrative review approach, this paper discusses alcohol’s role in the acquisition of and treatment outcomes from four different communicable diseases: these include three conditions included in comparative risk assessments to date—Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and lower respiratory infections/pneumonia—as well as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of its recent and rapid ascension as a global health concern. Alcohol-attributable TB, HIV, and pneumonia combined were responsible for approximately 360,000 deaths and 13 million disability-adjusted life years lost (DALYs) in 2016, with alcohol-attributable TB deaths and DALYs predominating. There is strong evidence that alcohol is associated with increased incidence of and poorer treatment outcomes from HIV, TB, and pneumonia, via both behavioral and biological mechanisms. Preliminary studies suggest that heavy drinkers and those with alcohol use disorders are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness. Aside from HIV research, limited research exists that can guide interventions for addressing alcohol-attributable TB and pneumonia or COVID-19. Implementation of effective individual-level interventions and alcohol control policies as a means of reducing the burden of communicable diseases is recommended.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
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