Moderate as Necessary: The Role of Electoral Competitiveness and Party Size in Explaining Parties’ Policy Shifts
Moderate as Necessary: The Role of Electoral Competitiveness and Party Size in Explaining Parties’ Policy Shifts
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必要时适度：选举竞争力和政党规模在解释政党政策转变中的作用
DOI：
10.1086/685585
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Orlowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abou-Chadi;Orlowski
本文探讨选举竞争程度如何影响政党的政策立场。它遵循了越来越多的关于多党竞争中政党定位的研究，这些研究将选举视为必须选择立场和发布战略的政党的信号。在这篇文章中，我们认为，以前的选举提供有关即将举行的选举的竞争力的信息。选举竞争的预期程度影响政党未来的政策立场，因为随着选举竞争的增加，政党有更高的动机走向选票最大化的立场。然而，什么是选票最大化策略因政党而异。虽然大型主流政党有动机缓和其立场，但小型和利基政党选择更极端的立场，以将自己与主流竞争对手区分开来。应用一种新的选举竞争力的衡量标准，我们发现，选举竞争的程度确实决定了政党的政策转变，但这种影响是由政党规模缓和。
This article investigates how the degree of electoral competition affects parties’ policy positions. It follows a growing body of research on party positioning in multiparty competition that regards elections as signals for parties that have to choose their positions and issue strategies. In this article we argue that previous elections provide information about the competitiveness of the upcoming election. The expected degree of electoral competition affects parties’ future policy positions since with increasing competitiveness of an election, parties have higher incentives to move toward a vote-maximizing position. However, what constitutes a vote-maximizing strategy varies between parties. While large mainstream parties have an incentive to moderate their positions, small and niche parties choose more extreme positions to distinguish themselves from their mainstream competitors. Applying a novel measure of electoral competitiveness, we find that the degree of electoral competition indeed determines parties’ policy shifts, but that this effect is moderated by party size.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-polisci-031710-101450
发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
ANNUAL REVIEW OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, VOL 15
影响因子：
--
作者：
Adams, James
通讯作者：
Adams, James
影响因子：
10.8
作者：
Yuliya V. Tverdova
通讯作者：
Yuliya V. Tverdova
小政党：从政党承诺到政府政策
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Nicole Bolleyer
通讯作者：
Nicole Bolleyer
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
STIMSON, JA;MACKUEN, MB;ERIKSON, RS
通讯作者：
ERIKSON, RS
先进民主国家的政党间竞争
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kaare W. Strøm
通讯作者：
Kaare W. Strøm