Inhibition among olfactory receptor neurons.

Inhibition among olfactory receptor neurons.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00690
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发表时间:
2013-10-23
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Van der Goes van Naters W
Van der Goes van Naters W
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Van der Goes van Naters W

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细胞外电流和由此产生的电位变化通常被认为是细胞活动的副现象,越来越多地被认为会影响附近其他细胞的功能。实验证据表明,即使是很小的电场也可以调节神经元的尖峰时间。此外,当神经元在实验或病理条件下靠近在一起时,一个神经元的活动可以激发它的邻居。然而,抑制性肝纤维化机制可能依赖于细胞间更专门的偶联。最近对果蝇嗅觉系统的研究表明,感觉神经元的兴奋可以抑制它的邻居,并推测这种相互作用是ephaptic。在这里,我们给出了一个概述ephaptic的相互作用,影响变化的尖峰时间,兴奋或抑制在不同的系统与人类神经科学的潜在相关性。我们研究的机制,在果蝇系统中的抑制性相互作用,并充分研究ephaptic抑制的Mauthner细胞更详细。我们注意到,朝向和远离神经元的局部细胞外环境的电流都可以抑制它,但机制取决于每个系统的特定结构。
Often assumed to be epiphenomena of a cell’s activity, extracellular currents and resulting potential changes are increasingly recognized to influence the function of other cells in the vicinity. Experimental evidence shows that even small electric fields can modulate spike timing in neurons. Moreover, when neurons are brought close together experimentally or in pathological conditions, activity in one neuron can excite its neighbors. Inhibitory ephaptic mechanisms, however, may depend on more specialized coupling among cells. Recent studies in the Drosophila olfactory system have shown that excitation of a sensory neuron can inhibit its neighbor, and it was speculated that this interaction was ephaptic. Here we give an overview of ephaptic interactions that effect changes in spike timing, excitation or inhibition in diverse systems with potential relevance to human neuroscience. We examine the mechanism of the inhibitory interaction in the Drosophila system and that of the well-studied ephaptic inhibition of the Mauthner cell in more detail. We note that both current towards and current away from the local extracellular environment of a neuron can inhibit it, but the mechanism depends on the specific architecture of each system.
细胞外田地和电流的起源-EEG,ECOG,LFP和尖峰。
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3241
发表时间: 2012-05-18
期刊: Nature reviews. Neuroscience
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