Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function among Older Community-Dwelling Adults.
Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function among Older Community-Dwelling Adults.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu10081088
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发表时间：
2018-08-14
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
McEvoy LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richard EL;Laughlin GA;Kritz-Silverstein D;Reas ET;Barrett-Connor E;McEvoy LK
饮食可能是维持晚年认知健康的一个重要的可改变的风险因素。本研究的目的是探讨常见的饮食指数和饮食模式之间的关联因素分析和认知功能的老年社区居住的成年人。在1988-1992年收集了来自Rancho Bernardo研究的1499名参与者的饮食信息，并用于计算替代地中海饮食评分，替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）-2010评分和来自营养素因子分析的因子评分。从1988年到2016年，每隔大约四年对整体认知功能、执行功能、语言流畅性和情景记忆进行评估。线性混合模型被用来检查饮食模式和认知轨迹之间的关联。在调整年龄、性别、教育、能量摄入、生活方式变量和重新测试效应的模型中，最高与最低三分位数的估计值显示，更高的地中海评分依从性与更好的基线总体认知功能相关（β（95% CI）= 0.33（0.11，0.55））。AHEI-2010评分与认知表现无显著相关性。植物多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）/维生素E因子的高负荷与更好的基线整体认知功能和执行功能相关（β = 0.22（0.02，0.42）和β = −7.85（−13.20，−2.47））。糖/低蛋白因素与多个领域的基线认知功能较差相关。随着时间的推移，饮食模式与认知能力下降无关。坚持健康的饮食，食物富含PUFA和维生素E，低糖蛋白质比例，以地中海饮食为代表，可能对晚年的认知健康有益。
Diet may be an important modifiable risk factor for maintenance of cognitive health in later life. This study aimed at examining associations between common dietary indices and dietary patterns defined by factor analysis and cognitive function in older community-dwelling adults. Dietary information for 1499 participants from the Rancho Bernardo Study was collected in 1988–1992 and used to calculate the alternate Mediterranean diet score, Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010 score and factor scores derived from factor analysis of nutrients. Global cognitive function, executive function, verbal fluency and episodic memory were assessed at approximate four-year intervals from 1988–2016. Linear mixed models were used to examine associations between dietary patterns and cognitive trajectories. Estimates for the highest vs. lowest tertile in models adjusting for age, sex, education, energy intake, lifestyle variables and retest effect showed greater adherence to the Mediterranean score was associated with better baseline global cognitive function (β (95% CI) = 0.33 (0.11, 0.55)). The AHEI-2010 score was not significantly associated with cognitive performance. Higher loading on a plant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/vitamin E factor was associated with better baseline global cognitive function and executive function (β = 0.22 (0.02, 0.42) and β = −7.85 (−13.20, −2.47)). A sugar/low protein factor was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function across multiple domains. Dietary patterns were not associated with cognitive decline over time. Adherence to a healthy diet with foods high in PUFA and vitamin E and a low sugar to protein ratio, as typified by a Mediterranean diet, may be beneficial for cognitive health in late life.
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