Obesity, food, and addiction: emerging neuroscience and clinical and public health implications.
Obesity, food, and addiction: emerging neuroscience and clinical and public health implications.
复制标题
肥胖、食物和成瘾:新兴的神经科学以及临床和公共卫生影响。
DOI:
10.1038/npp.2013.198
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Potenza,MarcN
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Potenza,MarcN
Obesity is considered among the top three leading causes of preventable death and illness in the United States (Danaei et al, 2009). In the United States and elsewhere, obesity’s prevalence has risen considerably since the 1980s, with one-third of US adults now obese (http://www. win. niddk. nih. gov/statistics/). How health care approaches obesity is changing, with the American Medical Association recently defining obesity as a disease (http://www. bostonglobe. com/editorials/2013/06/28/ama-obesity-declarationmakes-third-america-ill/02nZ0a90 RtlKE3hOWy59KK/story. html). Although the reasons why rates have risen are not entirely known and remain debated, the individual and societal costs necessitate an improved understanding. In this context, examining food and eating behaviors from interdisciplinary perspectives seems important in addressing an obesity epidemic. Historically, obesity has been viewed from a metabolic perspective, with a focus on energy balance (Ziauddeen et al, 2012). More recently, it has been questioned whether obesity might be conceptualized within an addiction framework and whether certain foods may be addictive (Gearhardt et al, 2011a). Over time, a motivating factor for food consumption has shifted from sustenance and energy balance to pleasurable/hedonic purposes. Thus, motivational factors (positive-reinforcement-related anticipatory pleasure or negative-reinforcement-related stress reduction) might link to obesity similarly as in drug addictions. Additionally, metabolic factors implicated in homeostatic regulation may relate differently to these constructs in obese as compared with lean individuals. To examine directly, we studied 25 obese and 25 matched lean individuals using a guided-imagery fMRI task that included individualized cues relating to personal stressors, favorite foods, or neutral-relaxing situations (Jastreboff et al, 2013). Obese as compared with lean individuals showed increased activation in cortico-striatolimbic structures (striatum, insula, inferior frontal gyrus and amygdala) to favorite-food cues, and activations of thalamus and striatum correlated with subjective craving in obese but not lean individuals. Similarly, stress-related
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影响因子:
5
作者:
L. D. Segel;S. Rendig;D. Mason
通讯作者:
D. Mason
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1977
期刊:
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
影响因子:
--
作者:
J. Littleton;G. John
通讯作者:
G. John
影响因子:
5
作者:
J. Mayer;J. Khanna;H. Kalant
通讯作者:
H. Kalant
DOI:
10.1126/science.6264608
发表时间:
1981
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Rottenberg,H;Waring,A;Rubin,E
通讯作者:
Rubin,E
影响因子:
5
作者:
M. Lokhandwala;I. Cavero;J. Buckley;B. Jandhyala
通讯作者:
B. Jandhyala