Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice is safer to aquatic ecosystems than its non-transgenic counterpart.
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice is safer to aquatic ecosystems than its non-transgenic counterpart.
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转基因苏云金芽孢杆菌 (Bt) 水稻比非转基因水稻对水生生态系统更安全
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0104270
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zhang G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li G;Wang Y;Liu B;Zhang G
转苏云金杆菌（Bt）晶体毒素基因的水稻品种发展迅速，2009年两个Bt水稻品种获得了生物安全证书。由于公众对人类健康和环境风险的担忧，这些产品尚未商业化。一些研究证实，在不使用农药的情况下，Bt水稻对非靶标生物的安全性与常规水稻相当，但Bt水稻仍需要使用农药来控制非鳞翅目害虫。在这项研究中，我们评估了两个Bt水稻株系表达的cry 1Ab/1Ac或cry 2A基因，分别通过使用动物寄生虫作为指示种下正常的田间管理实践中使用农药时，需要的环境影响。在整个水稻生长季中，非Bt水稻喷施5次，Bt水稻喷施2次，均能保证水稻正常产量。田间调查表明，不同水稻类型（Bt和非Bt）对浮游动物的丰度和多样性有显著影响，非Bt水稻田浮游动物的丰度和多样性分别比Bt水稻田低95%和80%。实验室饲养结果表明，与Bt水稻田相比，非Bt水稻田的水明显不适合大型蚤和尾草履虫的生存和繁殖。非Bt稻田水体中的农药残留量高于Bt稻田，这是浮游动物在非Bt稻田水体中表现不佳的原因。研究结果表明，Bt水稻对水生生态系统的安全性优于非Bt水稻，其商业化将有利于水稻生态系统生物多样性的恢复。
Rice lines genetically modified with the crystal toxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have experienced rapid development, with biosafety certificates for two Bt rice lines issued in 2009. There has still been no commercial release of these lines yet due to public concerns about human health and environmental risks. Some studies confirmed that Bt rice was as safe as conventional rice to non-target organisms when pesticides were not applied, however, pesticides are still required in Bt rice to control non-lepidopteran pests. In this study, we assessed the environmental effects of two Bt rice lines expressing either the cry1Ab/1Ac or cry2A genes, respectively, by using zooplanktons as indicator species under normal field management practices using pesticides when required. In the whole rice growing season, non-Bt rice was sprayed 5 times while Bt rice was sprayed 2 times, which ensured both rice achieved a normal yield. Field investigations showed that rice type (Bt and non-Bt) significantly influenced zooplankton abundance and diversity, which were up to 95% and 80% lower in non-Bt rice fields than Bt rice fields. Laboratory rearing showed that water from non-Bt rice fields was significantly less suitable for the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna and Paramecium caudatum in comparison with water from Bt rice fields. Higher pesticide residues were detected in the water from non-Bt than Bt rice fields, accounting for the bad performance of zooplankton in non-Bt field water. Our results demonstrate that Bt rice is safer to aquatic ecosystems than non-Bt rice, and its commercialization will be beneficial for biodiversity restoration in rice-based ecosystems.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Chen, Mao;Zhao, Jian-Zhou;Shelton, Anthony M.
通讯作者：
Shelton, Anthony M.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bai, YY;Jiang, MX;Cheng, JA
通讯作者：
Cheng, JA
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Khush, GS
通讯作者：
Khush, GS
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Bai, Y. Y.;Jiang, M. X.;Wang, D.
通讯作者：
Wang, D.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Chen, H;Tang, W;Zhang, QF
通讯作者：
Zhang, QF