Practice-Related Optimization of Dual-Task Performance: Efficient Task Instantiation During Overlapping Task Processing

Practice-Related Optimization of Dual-Task Performance: Efficient Task Instantiation During Overlapping Task Processing
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双任务性能优化实践:重叠任务处理过程中的高效任务实例化

DOI:
10.1037/xhp0000576
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Strobach
Strobach
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schubert;Strobach

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我们比较了在心理不应期(PRP)类型的任务情境中,扩展双任务练习与单任务练习的效果。实验结果验证了双任务训练比单任务训练能更快地提高PRP任务中任务2的表现的假设,这表明工作记忆中任务2在双任务加工过程中更容易被实例化,并有助于获得双任务协调技能。实验1和2表明,这种双任务协调技能可以获得条件下的不太复杂的任务,不超过四个刺激-反应映射在任务2中,独立的映射的兼容性。实验三显示,在任务二的八个刺激-反应映射条件下,没有证据表明双任务协调技能的获得。这表明,暴露的刺激-反应映射的数量的工作记忆负荷是一个关键参数限制的程度,参与者可以precipitation的联合实例化的两个任务集在双任务处理。研究结果指定了一个模型,假设联合和有效的启动任务集的工作记忆作为一个结果,延长双任务的实践。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2018阿帕,保留所有权利)
We compared the effects of extended dual-task practice in a task situation of the psychological refractory period (PRP) type with the effects of single-task practice. The experiments tested the assumption that performance of Task 2 in the PRP task improves more rapidly with dual-task practice than with single-task practice, which points to a preponed instantiation of Task 2 during dual-task processing in working memory and to the acquisition of dual-task coordination skills. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that such dual-task coordination skills can be acquired under conditions of less-complex tasks with no more than four stimulus–response mappings in Task 2, independently on the compatibility of the mappings. Experiment 3 showed no evidence for the acquisition of dual-task coordination skills under condition of eight stimulus–response mappings in Task 2. This indicates that the working memory load exposed by the number of stimulus–response mappings is a critical parameter limiting the degree to which participants can prepone the conjoint instantiation of two task sets during dual-task processing. The findings specify a model assuming the conjoint and efficient initiation of task sets in working memory as a result of extended dual-task practice.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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