The ovarian hormone estradiol plays a crucial role in the control of food intake in females.
The ovarian hormone estradiol plays a crucial role in the control of food intake in females.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.014
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发表时间：
2011-09-26
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Eckel, Lisa A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckel, Lisa A.
尽管在基础和临床研究中存在强烈的男性偏见，但越来越多的人认为卵巢激素雌二醇在控制女性食物摄入方面起着重要作用。Escherichia coli的摄食抑制作用发生在包括女性在内的各种物种中，但其潜在机制在大鼠和小鼠中得到了最广泛的研究。因此，这里审查的大部分数据来自啮齿动物文献。成年雌性大鼠在发情期表现出摄食量的显著减少，卵巢切除术促进了食欲过盛和体重增加，这两者都可以通过雌二醇治疗的生理方案来预防。行为分析表明，雌二醇的摄食抑制作用完全是通过减少膳食量来介导的。在大鼠中，雌二醇似乎通过与直接控制膳食量的肽和神经递质系统的相互作用间接发挥这种作用。在这里，我总结了研究雌二醇的促雌激素作用的神经生物学机制。中心雌激素受体（ER）已被牵连和激活的一个ER亚型，特别是ERα，似乎是足够的和必要的雌激素控制的食物摄入。未来的研究是必要的，以确定关键的脑区和细胞内信号通路负责雌二醇的促肾上腺皮质激素的作用。更清楚地了解食物摄入的雌激素控制是阐明导致肥胖和饮食失调的生物因素的先决条件，这两者在女性中比男性更普遍。
Despite a strong male bias in both basic and clinical research, it is becoming increasingly accepted that the ovarian hormone estradiol plays an important role in the control of food intake in females. Estradiol’s feeding inhibitory effect occurs in a variety of species, including women, but the underlying mechanism has been studied most extensively in rats and mice. Accordingly, much of the data reviewed here is derived from the rodent literature. Adult female rats display a robust decrease in food intake during estrus and ovariectomy promotes hyperphagia and weight gain, both of which can be prevented by a physiological regimen of estradiol treatment. Behavioral analyses have demonstrated that the feeding inhibitory effect of estradiol is mediated entirely by a decrease in meal size. In rats, estradiol appears to exert this action indirectly via interactions with peptide and neurotransmitter systems implicated in the direct control of meal size. Here, I summarize research examining the neurobiological mechanism underlying estradiol’s anorexigenic effect. Central estrogen receptors (ERs) have been implicated and activation of one ER subtype in particular, ERα, appears both sufficient and necessary for the estrogenic control of food intake. Future studies are necessary to identify the critical brain areas and intracellular signaling pathways responsible for estradiol’s anorexigenic effect. A clearer understanding of the estrogenic control of food intake is prerequisite to elucidating the biological factors that contribute to obesity and eating disorders, both of which are more prevalent in women, compared to men.
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