False memories seconds later: the rapid and compelling onset of illusory recognition.
False memories seconds later: the rapid and compelling onset of illusory recognition.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019903
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Reuter-Lorenz, Patricia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flegal, Kristin E.;Atkins, Alexandra S.;Reuter-Lorenz, Patricia A.
在聚合联想任务中，长时记忆(LTM)的扭曲被认为是由语义联想过程和监控失败引起的，这是由于逐字记忆和/或语境记忆的退化。传统上，基于感觉的编码被认为比基于意义的编码在短期记忆(STM)中更普遍，而LTM则相反，这导致人们预期错误记忆现象在典型的STM任务中应该不那么健壮。在两个实验中，参与者观看了四个语义相关单词的列表，并在填满的3-4秒保持间隔后立即进行了探测，或者大约20分钟后进行了意外的再认测试，这些实验违反了这些期望。修正后的错误识别率、置信度和记忆/知晓判断在STM和LTM条件下显示出相似的错误记忆效应。这些结果表明，令人信服的错误记忆错觉可以被快速实例化，并且起源于非特定于LTM任务的过程，与记忆的单一模型一致。
Distortions of long-term memory (LTM) in the converging associates task are thought to arise from semantic associative processes and monitoring failures due to degraded verbatim and/or contextual memory. Traditionally, sensory-based coding is considered more prevalent than meaning-based coding in short-term memory (STM), whereas the converse characterizes LTM, leading to the expectation that false memory phenomena should be less robust in a canonical STM task. These expectations were violated in two experiments in which participants viewed lists of four semantically-related words and were probed immediately following a filled 3–4 second retention interval or approximately 20 minutes later in a surprise recognition test. Corrected false recognition rates, confidence ratings, and Remember/Know judgments reveal similar false memory effects across STM and LTM conditions. These results indicate that compelling false memory illusions can be rapidly instantiated, and originate from processes that are not specific to LTM tasks, consistent with unitary models of memory.
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