Effects of an acute bout of physical exercise on reward functioning in healthy adults.
Effects of an acute bout of physical exercise on reward functioning in healthy adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.07.010
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
LaVoy EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wardle MC;Lopez-Gamundi P;LaVoy EC
运动已被提议作为多种精神疾病的治疗方法。运动可能部分通过对奖赏功能产生有益影响来发挥作用，因为它改变了奖赏相关回路中的神经递质水平。然而，关于运动对人类奖赏功能的影响的研究却很少。我们假设，剧烈的运动会增加健康人对奖励的动力和愉快的反应。此外，我们还研究了运动效果的可能调节因素，包括人口统计、健康状况和之前的运动经验。三十五名参与者在不同的日子以随机、平衡的顺序完成了运动和久坐控制课程。每次活动结束后，参与者立即完成对奖励的动机和愉快反应的测量，包括为金钱奖励而努力的意愿和对情感图片的主观反应。平均而言，锻炼并不会增加动力或愉快的反应。然而，跑步年数较长的人在运动后表现出奖励动机的增加，而跑步年数较少的人则表现出下降。此外，静息心率变异性较高的个体报告运动后对所有情绪图片的反应较低，而心率变异性较低的个体报告运动后对所有情绪图片的反应增加。一般健身没有类似的调节作用。总之，剧烈运动只能改善习惯这种运动的个体的奖赏功能。这表明锻炼可能对奖赏功能产生条件性影响。以前的运动经验应作为运动治疗试验中可能的调节因素进行检查。
Exercise has been proposed as a treatment for several psychiatric disorders. Exercise may act in part through beneficial effects on reward functioning, as it alters neurotransmitter levels in reward-related circuits. However, there has been little investigation of the effect of exercise on reward functions in humans. We hypothesized an acute bout of exercise would increase motivation for and pleasurable responses to rewards in healthy humans. In addition, we examined possible moderators of exercise’s effects, including demographics, fitness and previous exercise experience. Thirty-five participants completed exercise and sedentary control sessions in randomized, counterbalanced order on separate days. Immediately after each activity, participants completed measures of motivation for and pleasurable responses to rewards, consisting of willingness to exert effort for monetary rewards and subjective responses to emotional pictures. Exercise did not increase motivation or pleasurable responses on average. However, individuals who had been running for more years showed increases in motivation for rewards after exercise, while individuals with less years running showed decreases. Further, individuals with higher resting heart rate variability reported lower arousal in response to all emotional pictures after exercise, while individuals with low heart rate variability reported increased arousal in response to all emotional pictures after exercise. General fitness did not have similar moderating effects. In conclusion, acute exercise improved reward functioning only in individuals accustomed to that type of exercise. This suggests a possible conditioned effect of exercise on reward functioning. Previous experience with the exercise used should be examined as a possible moderator in exercise treatment trials.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Greenwood, Benjamin N.;Foley, Teresa E.;Le, Tony V.;Strong, Paul V.;Loughridge, Alice B.;Day, Heidi E. W.;Fleshner, Monika
通讯作者：
Fleshner, Monika
DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e318275306f
发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bothe, Nina;Zschucke, Elisabeth;Stroehle, Andreas
通讯作者：
Stroehle, Andreas
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Harmer, Catherine J.;Goodwin, Guy M.;Cowen, Philip J.
通讯作者：
Cowen, Philip J.
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Fisher, Beth E.;Li, Quanzheng;Petzinger, Giselle M.
通讯作者：
Petzinger, Giselle M.
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Dunn, AL;Trivedi, MH;Chambliss, HO
通讯作者：
Chambliss, HO