Demographic patterns of human antibody levels to Simulium damnosum s.l. saliva in onchocerciasis-endemic areas: An indicator of exposure to vector bites.
Demographic patterns of human antibody levels to Simulium damnosum s.l. saliva in onchocerciasis-endemic areas: An indicator of exposure to vector bites.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010108
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Courtenay O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willen L;Milton P;Hamley JID;Walker M;Osei-Atweneboana MY;Volf P;Basáñez MG;Courtenay O
在非洲盘尾丝虫病流行区，黑蝇媒介对人类的异源叮咬率被认为部分解释了盘尾丝虫扭转的年龄和性别依赖性感染模式。为了支持这些假设，并进一步改善盘尾丝虫病传播模型的预测，人口统计学模式的抗体反应唾液抗原的模拟damnosum s.l.作为衡量黑蝇暴露的指标。最近发展的IgG和IgM抗唾液免疫测定S。达姆诺瑟姆公司应用于从加纳四个盘尾丝虫病流行村庄的居民中收集的血液样本。通过拟合广义线性模型，探索了不同村庄、性别和年龄的抗体水平的人口统计学模式。不同村庄的抗体水平不同，但显示出一致的模式与年龄和性别。IgG和IgM反应均随年龄增长而下降。IgG反应一般低于男性比女性，表现出更陡峭的下降，在成年男性比成年女性。IgM应答无性别特异性差异。年龄特异性抗体模式的下降表明，免疫耐受或脱敏黑蝇唾液抗原的持续暴露。性别之间以及成年人和青少年之间的差异可能反映了影响累积接触的行为差异。这些抗体获得和衰变的测量可以纳入盘尾丝虫病传播模型，为盘尾丝虫病的控制、消除和监测提供信息。盘尾丝虫病是一种由蠕虫寄生虫盘尾丝虫引起的疾病，通过雌性蚋的叮咬传播。该疾病在许多非洲国家仍然流行，世界卫生组织已提议到2030年在12个国家消除其传播。了解人类暴露于病媒叮咬的异质性有助于辨别哪部分人口获得/传播感染的风险较高，这对于确定血清学监测和传播控制的目标群体至关重要。传统上，黑蝇叮咬率是通过执行人类着陆捕获来估计的，这种方法通常被认为是不道德的，并且作为代表性措施可能不可靠。因此，我们使用我们最近开发的免疫测定法来测量人类对黑蝇唾液中所含抗原的抗体反应，并在它们吸血时沉积到人类皮肤中。在加纳的盘尾丝虫病流行社区，我们测量了抗体反应，以了解与年龄和/或性别相关的媒介暴露人口模式。我们观察到较低的抗体反应在男性相比，在女性，并随着年龄的增长大幅下降，这表明高黑蝇叮咬压力诱导脱敏在人类宿主。
In onchocerciasis endemic areas in Africa, heterogenous biting rates by blackfly vectors on humans are assumed to partially explain age- and sex-dependent infection patterns with Onchocerca volvulus. To underpin these assumptions and further improve predictions made by onchocerciasis transmission models, demographic patterns in antibody responses to salivary antigens of Simulium damnosum s.l. are evaluated as a measure of blackfly exposure. Recently developed IgG and IgM anti-saliva immunoassays for S. damnosum s.l. were applied to blood samples collected from residents in four onchocerciasis endemic villages in Ghana. Demographic patterns in antibody levels according to village, sex and age were explored by fitting generalized linear models. Antibody levels varied between villages but showed consistent patterns with age and sex. Both IgG and IgM responses declined with increasing age. IgG responses were generally lower in males than in females and exhibited a steeper decline in adult males than in adult females. No sex-specific difference was observed in IgM responses. The decline in age-specific antibody patterns suggested development of immunotolerance or desensitization to blackfly saliva antigen in response to persistent exposure. The variation between sexes, and between adults and youngsters may reflect differences in behaviour influencing cumulative exposure. These measures of antibody acquisition and decay could be incorporated into onchocerciasis transmission models towards informing onchocerciasis control, elimination, and surveillance. Onchocerciasis, a disease caused by the helminth parasite Onchocerca volvulus, is transmitted by the bites of female Simulium blackflies. The disease is still endemic in many African countries, and the World Health Organization has proposed elimination of its transmission in 12 countries by 2030. Understanding the heterogeneity in human exposure to vector bites can help discern which portion of the population is at higher risk of acquiring/ transmitting infection and is fundamental to identifying target groups for serological monitoring and transmission control. Traditionally, blackfly biting rates are estimated by performing human landing catches, a method that is often considered unethical and which can be unreliable as a representative measure. Therefore, we used our recently developed immunoassays to measure human antibody responses to antigens contained in the saliva of blackflies and deposited into human skin when they bloodfeed. In onchocerciasis endemic communities in Ghana, we measured antibody responses to understand age- and/or sex-related demographic patterns in vector exposure. We observed lower antibody responses in males compared to in females, and a substantial decline with increasing age, suggesting that high blackfly biting pressure induces desensitization in the human host.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2013.0559
发表时间：
2015-04-05
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cheke RA;Basáñez MG;Perry M;White MT;Garms R;Obuobie E;Lamberton PH;Young S;Osei-Atweneboana MY;Intsiful J;Shen M;Boakye DA;Wilson MD
通讯作者：
Wilson MD
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Dinesh, Diwakar S.;Das, Pradeep;Coosemans, Marc
通讯作者：
Coosemans, Marc
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0684
发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Drame, Papa M.;Poinsignon, Anne;Remoue, Franck
通讯作者：
Remoue, Franck
DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(94)90172-4
发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
ALLEY, ES;PLAISIER, AP;SAMBA, EM
通讯作者：
SAMBA, EM
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Hougard, JM;Alley, ES;Boatin, BA
通讯作者：
Boatin, BA