Evolution of asexual and sexual reproduction in the aspergilli.
Evolution of asexual and sexual reproduction in the aspergilli.
复制标题
曲霉菌无性和有性生殖的进化
DOI：
10.1016/j.simyco.2018.10.002
复制
发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
16.5
通讯作者：
Dyer PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ojeda-López M;Chen W;Eagle CE;Gutiérrez G;Jia WL;Swilaiman SS;Huang Z;Park HS;Yu JH;Cánovas D;Dyer PS
构巢曲霉长期以来一直被用作模式生物，以深入了解曲霉属其他成员和一般丝状真菌的无性和有性发育过程的遗传基础。关于分生孢子发育的调控机制的范式已经建立。然而，最近的研究表明真菌界存在相当大的基因组差异，对曲霉属研究结果的普遍适用性提出了质疑，某些长期存在的进化理论也受到了质疑。在广泛的真菌分类范围内研究了构巢曲霉无性繁殖关键调控元件的系统发育分布。这表明一些蛋白质在盘菌亚门中得到了很好的保守（例如 AbaA、FlbA、FluG、NsdD、MedA 和一些天鹅绒蛋白），表明它们具有相似的发育作用。然而，其他元素（例如 BrlA）仅在散菌纲中分布更受限制，而且曲霉中孢子形成的遗传控制似乎比盘菌亚门的其他一些分类群中更复杂。根据早期分歧真菌的扩张和收缩事件的历史讨论了绒蛋白家族的进化。红曲霉中构巢曲霉 abaA 基因的异源表达未能诱导如曲霉中所见的完整分生孢子梗的发育，但确实导致分生孢子产量增加。糖菌亚门成员缺乏无性发育途径的许多组成部分，这支持了这样的假设：其孢子形成的复杂性差异部分是由于盘菌亚门中明显的孢子形成机制的多样性增加所致。还对曲霉菌的性别和性行为的进化进行了调查。 MAT 基因座从异宗曲霉 (Emericella) 异宗曲霉 (Emericella) 和茴香曲霉 (Neosartorya) 以及同宗曲霉 (Eurotium repens) 中鉴定出来。在这些和其他异宗曲霉中观察到 MAT 基因座的一致结构，而在同宗曲霉中 MAT 基因座的排列存在很大差异。这表明曲霉菌的共同祖先很可能表现出异宗共生繁殖系统。最后，对曲霉中无性生殖的假设普遍性进行了检验。使用 A. clavatus 作为代表性的“无性”物种进行了调查。给定正确的 MAT1-1 和 MAT1-2 伴侣以及环境条件，有可能在 A. clavatus 中诱导性周期，并利用分子标记证实了重组。这表明在许多所谓的无性曲霉及其他物种中，有性繁殖可能是可能的，为真菌中无性的本质提供了一般性的见解。
Aspergillus nidulans has long-been used as a model organism to gain insights into the genetic basis of asexual and sexual developmental processes both in other members of the genus Aspergillus, and filamentous fungi in general. Paradigms have been established concerning the regulatory mechanisms of conidial development. However, recent studies have shown considerable genome divergence in the fungal kingdom, questioning the general applicability of findings from Aspergillus, and certain longstanding evolutionary theories have been questioned. The phylogenetic distribution of key regulatory elements of asexual reproduction in A. nidulans was investigated in a broad taxonomic range of fungi. This revealed that some proteins were well conserved in the Pezizomycotina (e.g. AbaA, FlbA, FluG, NsdD, MedA, and some velvet proteins), suggesting similar developmental roles. However, other elements (e.g. BrlA) had a more restricted distribution solely in the Eurotiomycetes, and it appears that the genetic control of sporulation seems to be more complex in the aspergilli than in some other taxonomic groups of the Pezizomycotina. The evolution of the velvet protein family is discussed based on the history of expansion and contraction events in the early divergent fungi. Heterologous expression of the A. nidulans abaA gene in Monascus ruber failed to induce development of complete conidiophores as seen in the aspergilli, but did result in increased conidial production. The absence of many components of the asexual developmental pathway from members of the Saccharomycotina supports the hypothesis that differences in the complexity of their spore formation is due in part to the increased diversity of the sporulation machinery evident in the Pezizomycotina. Investigations were also made into the evolution of sex and sexuality in the aspergilli. MAT loci were identified from the heterothallic Aspergillus (Emericella) heterothallicus and Aspergillus (Neosartorya) fennelliae and the homothallic Aspergillus pseudoglaucus (=Eurotium repens). A consistent architecture of the MAT locus was seen in these and other heterothallic aspergilli whereas much variation was seen in the arrangement of MAT loci in homothallic aspergilli. This suggested that it is most likely that the common ancestor of the aspergilli exhibited a heterothallic breeding system. Finally, the supposed prevalence of asexuality in the aspergilli was examined. Investigations were made using A. clavatus as a representative ‘asexual’ species. It was possible to induce a sexual cycle in A. clavatus given the correct MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 partners and environmental conditions, with recombination confirmed utilising molecular markers. This indicated that sexual reproduction might be possible in many supposedly asexual aspergilli and beyond, providing general insights into the nature of asexuality in fungi.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-27951-0_15
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
GENE EXPRESSION SYSTEMS IN FUNGI: ADVANCEMENTS AND APPLICATIONS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ashton, George D.;Dyer, Paul S.
通讯作者：
Dyer, Paul S.
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
ADAMS, TH;BOYLAN, MT;TIMBERLAKE, WE
通讯作者：
TIMBERLAKE, WE
稻瘟病菌 Magnaporthe oryzae 发育和致病性所需的 47 个 Cys2 -His2 锌指蛋白的表征。
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Cao, Huijuan;Huang, Pengyun;Lu, Jianping
通讯作者：
Lu, Jianping
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Borneman, AR;Hynes, MJ;Andrianopoulos, A
通讯作者：
Andrianopoulos, A
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Ahmed YL;Gerke J;Park HS;Bayram Ö;Neumann P;Ni M;Dickmanns A;Kim SC;Yu JH;Braus GH;Ficner R
通讯作者：
Ficner R