Neighborhood Profiles and Associations with Coping Behaviors among Low-Income Youth.
Neighborhood Profiles and Associations with Coping Behaviors among Low-Income Youth.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10964-019-01176-y
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Tandon D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rabinowitz JA;Powell T;Sadler R;Reboussin B;Green K;Milam A;Smart M;Furr-Holden D;Latimore A;Tandon D
现有的研究通常使用以变量为中心的方法孤立地考察邻里特征；然而，有理由相信对邻里环境的感知相互影响，需要使用以人为中心的方法来研究这些关系。本研究试图确定不同的青年对他们所在社区的看法和客观的社区特征，以及这些特征是否与青年应对有关。参与者是来自大都市的低收入非裔美国青年(N=733；51.0%女性，男性=18.76岁，SD=1.71)，他们最初是在马里兰州巴尔的摩的青年机会计划中招募的。进行了潜在概况分析，包括自我报告的邻里社会凝聚力、集体效能、无序、暴力和来自人口普查数据的劣势。应对行为，特别是积极的认知结构调整、以问题为中心的应对、分心策略和回避行为通过自填式问卷进行评估。确定了四个社区特征：最高障碍(20.0%)；最高暴力/最低劣势(5.2%)；高暴力(26.6%)；最高凝聚力/最低障碍(48.2%)。暴力/劣势特征最高的个体报告了比其他特征更积极的认知重组和以问题为中心的应对。这些发现需要调查个人资产和背景资源，这些资产和背景资源可能有助于在更暴力和更不利的社区的青年中产生更积极的应对行为，这有可能改善处于类似风险环境中的青年的复原力结果。
Extant research has typically examined neighborhood characteristics in isolation using variable-centered approaches; however, there is reason to believe that perceptions of the neighborhood environment influence each other, requiring the use of person-centered approaches to study these relationships. The present study sought to determine profiles of youth that differ in their perceptions of their neighborhoods and objective neighborhood characteristics, and whether these profiles are associated with youth coping. Participants were low-income, African American youth (N = 733; 51.0% female, M age = 18.76 years, SD = 1.71) from a metropolitan city who were originally recruited for the Youth Opportunity program in Baltimore, Maryland. A latent profile analysis was conducted which included self-reported neighborhood social cohesion, collective efficacy, disorder, violence, and disadvantage derived from census data. Coping behaviors, specifically positive cognitive restructuring, problem-focused coping, distraction strategies, and avoidant behaviors were assessed via self-reported questionnaires. Four neighborhood profiles were identified: highest disorder (20.0%); highest violence/highest disadvantage (5.2%); high violence (26.6%); and highest cohesion/lowest disorder (48.2%). Individuals in the highest violence/highest disadvantage profile reported higher positive cognitive restructuring and problem-focused coping than the other profiles. These findings warrant an investigation into the individual assets and contextual resources that may contribute to more positive coping behaviors among youth in more violent and disadvantaged neighborhoods, which has the potential to improve resilient outcomes among youth in similar at-risk settings.
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DOI：
10.1207/s15374424jccp2602_2
发表时间：
1997-06-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dubow, EF;Edwards, S;Ippolito, MF
通讯作者：
Ippolito, MF
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Browning, Christopher R.;Soller, Brian;Jackson, Aubrey L.
通讯作者：
Jackson, Aubrey L.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bolck, A;Croon, M;Hagenaars, J
通讯作者：
Hagenaars, J
DOI：
10.1207/s15374424jccp2901_13
发表时间：
2000-03-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
D'Imperio, RL;Dubow, EF;Ippolito, MF
通讯作者：
Ippolito, MF
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Boxer, Paul;Sloan-Power, Elizabeth
通讯作者：
Sloan-Power, Elizabeth