A Classification System for Defining and Estimating Dietary Intake of Live Microbes in US Adults and Children.
A Classification System for Defining and Estimating Dietary Intake of Live Microbes in US Adults and Children.
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxac074
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发表时间：
2022-07-06
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影响因子：
--
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食用食物中的活微生物可能有益于人类健康。活微生物的估计以前没有与饮食数据库中的个别食物相关联。我们旨在估计美国儿童（2-18岁）和成人（≥19岁）（n = 74，466; 51.2%女性）的活微生物摄入量。使用NHANES（2001-2018）的横截面数据，专家们为每克食品分配了估计的活微生物水平[低（Lo），<104 CFU/g;中等（Med），104-107 CFU/g;或高（Hi），>107 CFU/g]。益生菌膳食补充剂也进行了评估。确定每种活微生物类别的平均摄入量和食用每种活微生物类别的受试者的百分比。还使用群体比率法测定了含有活微生物的食物中的营养素。由于Hi类别主要包括发酵乳制品，因此我们还查看了Med或Hi（MedHi）的汇总数据，其中包括扩大范围的含活微生物食品，包括水果和蔬菜。我们的分析显示，52%、20%和59%的儿童/青少年以及61%、26%和67%的成年人分别食用Med、Hi或MedHi食品。儿童/青少年的Med、Hi和MedHi食物人均摄入量分别为69、16和85 g/d，成人分别为106、21和127 g/d。在9个周期/18年的研究期间，食用活微生物的受试者比例和总体人均摄入量显著增加（各类儿童每周期0.9-3.1 g/d，成人每周期1.4 g/d）。这项研究表明，美国的儿童，青少年和成年人在最早（2001-2002）和最新（2017-2018）调查周期之间稳步增加了对活微生物食品的消费。还需要进一步的研究来确定暴露于食品中的活微生物与特定健康结果或生物标志物之间的关系。
Consuming live microbes in foods may benefit human health. Live microbe estimates have not previously been associated with individual foods in dietary databases. We aimed to estimate intake of live microbes in US children (aged 2–18 y) and adults (≥19 y) (n = 74,466; 51.2% female). Using cross-sectional data from the NHANES (2001–2018), experts assigned foods an estimated level of live microbes per gram [low (Lo), <104 CFU/g; medium (Med), 104–107 CFU/g; or high (Hi), >107 CFU/g]. Probiotic dietary supplements were also assessed. The mean intake of each live microbe category and the percentages of subjects who ate from each live microbe category were determined. Nutrients from foods with live microbes were also determined using the population ratio method. Because the Hi category comprised primarily fermented dairy foods, we also looked at aggregated data for Med or Hi (MedHi), which included an expanded range of live microbe–containing foods, including fruits and vegetables. Our analysis showed that 52%, 20%, and 59% of children/adolescents, and 61%, 26%, and 67% of adults, consumed Med, Hi, or MedHi foods, respectively. Per capita intake of Med, Hi, and MedHi foods was 69, 16, and 85 g/d for children/adolescents, and 106, 21, and 127 g/d for adults, respectively. The proportion of subjects who consumed live microbes and overall per capita intake increased significantly over the 9 cycles/18-y study period (0.9–3.1 g/d per cycle in children across categories and 1.4 g/d per cycle in adults for the Med category). This study indicated that children, adolescents, and adults in the United States steadily increased their consumption of foods with live microbes between the earliest (2001–2002) and latest (2017–2018) survey cycles. Additional research is needed to determine the relations between exposure to live microbes in foods and specific health outcomes or biomarkers.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Rook GA
通讯作者：
Rook GA
DOI：
10.1007/s00217-021-03731-z
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
European food research and technology = Zeitschrift fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung. A
影响因子：
--
作者：
Alp D;Bulantekin Ö
通讯作者：
Bulantekin Ö
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Lang, Jenna M.;Eisen, Jonathan A.;Zivkovic, Angela M.
通讯作者：
Zivkovic, Angela M.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Roselli M;Natella F;Zinno P;Guantario B;Canali R;Schifano E;De Angelis M;Nikoloudaki O;Gobbetti M;Perozzi G;Devirgiliis C
通讯作者：
Devirgiliis C
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Dees, Merete Wiken;Lysoe, Erik;Brurberg, May Bente
通讯作者：
Brurberg, May Bente