Structural connectivity of neural reward networks in youth at risk for substance use disorders.
Structural connectivity of neural reward networks in youth at risk for substance use disorders.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-014-3857-y
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tapert, Susan F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Squeglia, Lindsay M.;Sorg, Scott F.;Jacobus, Joanna;Brumback, Ty;Taylor, Charles T.;Tapert, Susan F.
关键词：
有酒精使用障碍(FHP)的阳性家族史以及异常的奖励电路，被认为与青春期开始使用药物有关。本研究探讨了FHP状态与物质幼稚青少年奖赏回路的关系，以更好地理解未来的危险行为。参与者是49名FHP和45名人口统计匹配的家族史阴性(FHN)物质-幼稚的12-14岁(54%女性)。受试者接受了结构磁共振成像，包括扩散张量成像。伏隔核和眼眶前额叶皮质体积使用Freesurfer计算，FSL概率纤维束成像探测连接这些区域的纤维束之间的结构连通性和白质扩散率估计的差异(例如，分数各向异性，以及平均、径向和轴向扩散率)。FHP和FHN青年在伏隔核或眶前皮质体积、白质束体积或连接这些区域的流线(纤维束计数的替代指标)的百分比上没有差异。然而，在连接伏隔核和眶前皮质的白质束内，FHP青年的平均弥散系数和径向弥散系数(PS<；0.03)显著低于FHN青年。虽然FHP和FHN青少年在突出区和奖赏区域之间的白质宏观结构没有差异，但FHP青少年在这些区域内的白质一致性比FHN青少年更大。FHP青少年奖赏区域之间的异常连接可能与开始使用药物的风险增加有关。
Having a positive family history of alcohol use disorders (FHP), as well as aberrant reward circuitry, has been implicated in the initiation of substance use during adolescence. This study explored the relationship between FHP status and reward circuitry in substance naïve youth to better understand future risky behaviors. Participants were 49 FHP and 45 demographically matched family history negative (FHN) substance-naïve 12–14 year-olds (54 % female). Subjects underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging, including diffusion tensor imaging. Nucleus accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex volumes were derived using FreeSurfer, and FSL probabilistic tractography probed structural connectivity and differences in white matter diffusivity estimates (e.g. fractional anisotropy, and mean, radial, and axial diffusivity) between fiber tracts connecting these regions. FHP and FHN youth did not differ on nucleus accumbens or orbitofrontal cortex volumes, white matter tract volumes, or percentages of streamlines (a proxy for fiber tract count) connecting these regions. However, within white matter tracts connecting the nucleus accumbens to the orbitofrontal cortex, FHP youth had significantly lower mean and radial diffusivity (ps < 0.03) than FHN youth. While white matter macrostructure between salience and reward regions did not differ between FHP and FHN youth, FHP youth showed greater white matter coherence within these tracts than FHN youth. Aberrant connectivity between reward regions in FHP youth could be linked to an increased risk for substance use initiation.
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Tapert, Susan F.