Shifts on Gut Microbiota Associated to Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Specific Dietary Intakes on General Adult Population.
Shifts on Gut Microbiota Associated to Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Specific Dietary Intakes on General Adult Population.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00890
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Collado MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia-Mantrana I;Selma-Royo M;Alcantara C;Collado MC
越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物组，饮食和健康之间的相互作用。众所周知，生态失调与疾病有关，大多数时候，肠道微生物群的这种不平衡可以通过饮食来促进。西方饮食习惯的特点是高热量、动物蛋白、饱和脂肪和单糖的摄入量，这与肥胖、糖尿病、癌症和心血管疾病的风险较高有关。然而，人们对健康人群的饮食模式、饮食成分和营养物质对肠道微生物群的影响知之甚少。我们研究的目的是确定营养化合物以及坚持饮食模式的影响，如地中海饮食（MD）对健康成年人肠道微生物组的影响。因此，健康个体的肠道微生物群组成可以用作潜在的生物标志物，以识别营养习惯以及与这些习惯相关的疾病风险。使用食物频率问卷记录健康志愿者（n = 27）的饮食信息。使用PREDIMED测试测量对MD的粘附性。通过16 S rRNA基因测序和特异性定量聚合酶链反应获得微生物群组成和多样性。通过在高效液相色谱（HPLC）上定量短链脂肪酸（SCFA）来测定微生物代谢活性。结果表明，较高的厚壁菌-拟杆菌比例与对MD的较低粘附性有关，而较高的拟杆菌存在与较低的动物蛋白摄入量有关。动物蛋白、饱和脂肪和糖的大量摄入影响了肠道微生物群的多样性。与超重的人相比，在正常体重的人中发现了显着更高的Christensenellaceae。与那些依从性较低的志愿者相比，对MD依从性较高的志愿者也是如此。丁酸单胞菌属、脱硫弧菌属和颤螺旋菌属与BMI <25相关，而链杆菌属具有较高的PREDIMED评分。较高的双歧杆菌计数和较高的总SCFA与植物性营养素（如植物蛋白和多糖）的消耗量较大有关。更好地遵守MD与显著更高的总SCFA水平相关。因此，饮食和特定的饮食成分可能会影响微生物群的组成、多样性和活性，这可能会通过增加西方疾病的风险来影响宿主的新陈代谢。
There is increasing evidence for the interaction between gut microbiome, diet, and health. It is known that dysbiosis is related to disease and that most of the times this imbalances in gut microbial populations can be promoted through diet. Western dietary habits, which are characterized by high intakes of calories, animal proteins, saturated fats, and simple sugars have been linked with higher risk of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the impact of dietary patterns, dietary components, and nutrients on gut microbiota in healthy people. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of nutrient compounds as well as adherence to a dietary pattern, as the Mediterranean diet (MD) on the gut microbiome of healthy adults. Consequently, gut microbiota composition in healthy individuals, may be used as a potential biomarker to identify nutritional habits as well as risk of disease related to these habits. Dietary information from healthy volunteers (n = 27) was recorded using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Adherence to the MD was measured using the PREDIMED test. Microbiota composition and diversity were obtained by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Microbial metabolic activity was determined by quantification of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that a higher ratio of Firmicutes–Bacteroidetes was related to lower adherence to the MD, and greater presence of Bacteroidetes was associated with lower animal protein intake. High consumption of animal protein, saturated fats, and sugars affected gut microbiota diversity. A significant higher presence of Christensenellaceae was found in normal-weight individuals compared to those who were overweight. This was also the case in volunteers with greater adherence to the MD compared to those with lower adherence. Butyricimonas, Desulfovibrio, and Oscillospira genera were associated with a BMI <25 and the genus Catenibacterium with a higher PREDIMED score. Higher bifidobacterial counts, and higher total SCFA were related to greater consumption of plant-based nutrients, such as vegetable proteins and polysaccharides. Better adherence to the MD was associated with significantly higher levels of total SCFA. Consequently, diet and specific dietary components could affect microbiota composition, diversity, and activity, which may have an effect on host metabolism by increasing the risk of Western diseases.
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Kim CH;Park J;Kim M
通讯作者：
Kim M
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Biro, Frank M.;Wien, Michelle
通讯作者：
Wien, Michelle
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1002601107
发表时间：
2010-06-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dominguez-Bello, Maria G.;Costello, Elizabeth K.;Knight, Rob
通讯作者：
Knight, Rob
影响因子：
--
作者：
Graf D;Di Cagno R;Fåk F;Flint HJ;Nyman M;Saarela M;Watzl B
通讯作者：
Watzl B
影响因子：
24.5
作者：
Cani PD;Possemiers S;Van de Wiele T;Guiot Y;Everard A;Rottier O;Geurts L;Naslain D;Neyrinck A;Lambert DM;Muccioli GG;Delzenne NM
通讯作者：
Delzenne NM