Bacterial communities of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes differ between crop and midgut tissues.
Bacterial communities of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes differ between crop and midgut tissues.
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埃及伊蚊的细菌群落在作物和中肠组织之间存在差异。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011218
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
对埃及伊蚊和其他蚊子的微生物群研究通常集中在成年雌性中肠中发现的细菌群落。然而，消化道的其他隔间维持着几乎完全未被研究的细菌群落。例如，双翅目作物是一种食物储存器官，但是很少有研究关注蚊子体内的作物微生物群，而且之前只有一项研究调查了伊蚊体内的作物。蚊。在本研究中，我们采用培养依赖性和非培养依赖性两种方法比较了实验室饲养的伊蚊中肠和作物中的细菌群落。蚊。两种方法都显示出中肠细菌丰度比作物高的趋势，但也有更高的变异性。当存在时，来自Elizabethkingia （weeksellacae科）的细菌在中肠细菌群落中占主导地位。在作物中，我们发现细菌的多样性较高，这些群落通常以来自Tanticharoenia和Asaia属的醋酸细菌（Acetobacteriaceae）为主。这3个分类群在组织间造成了显著的群落结构差异。我们使用FAPROTAX来预测这些群落的代谢功能，发现作物细菌群落中更有可能含有能够甲醇氧化和甲基化的细菌。乙酸细菌（通常分解糖产生乙酸）的存在和包括甲醇氧化的功能谱（与天然来源如花蜜中发现的细菌相关）可能与储存在蚊子作物中的糖的存在有关。更好地了解蚊子消化道中存在哪些细菌，以及这些细菌群落如何聚集，将有助于了解微生物群如何影响蚊子的生理机能，以及微生物群提供的全部功能。它还可能促进更好地设计蚊子微生物组的方法，以控制病媒或预防疾病传播。蚊子肠道内的细菌已被发现对蚊子的生活史特征（如寿命和繁殖力）以及它们对人类病原体感染的易感性有影响。设计这些社区可能提供一种有效和安全的方法来控制蚊子，减少它们传播的病原体的影响。在这项工作中，我们分析了在医学上重要的蚊子埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）的中肠和作物组织中发现的细菌。我们的研究结果表明，这些组织中含有的细菌群落在组成和功能上各不相同，数量也各不相同。像我们这样的实验对于更好地了解细菌在昆虫体内的位置以及这些群落如何聚集很重要。这一知识可能有助于未来的研究人员更成功地设计蚊子体内的细菌群落。
Microbiota studies of Aedes aegypti and other mosquitoes generally focus on the bacterial communities found in adult female midguts. However, other compartments of the digestive tract maintain communities of bacteria which remain almost entirely unstudied. For example, the Dipteran crop is a food storage organ, but few studies have looked at the microbiome of crops in mosquitoes, and only a single previous study has investigated the crop in Ae. aegypti. In this study, we used both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to compare the bacterial communities in midguts and crops of laboratory reared Ae. aegypti. Both methods revealed a trend towards higher abundance, but also higher variability, of bacteria in the midgut than the crop. When present, bacteria from the genus Elizabethkingia (family Weeksellaceae) dominated midgut bacterial communities. In crops, we found a higher diversity of bacteria, and these communities were generally dominated by acetic acid bacteria (family Acetobacteriaceae) from the genera Tanticharoenia and Asaia. These three taxa drove significant community structure differences between the tissues. We used FAPROTAX to predict the metabolic functions of these communities and found that crop bacterial communities were significantly more likely to contain bacteria capable of methanol oxidation and methylotrophy. Both the presence of acetic acid bacteria (which commonly catabolize sugar to produce acetic acid) and the functional profile that includes methanol oxidation (which is correlated with bacteria found with natural sources like nectar) may relate to the presence of sugar, which is stored in the mosquito crop. A better understanding of what bacteria are present in the digestive tract of mosquitoes and how these communities assemble will inform how the microbiota impacts mosquito physiology and the full spectrum of functions provided by the microbiota. It may also facilitate better methods of engineering the mosquito microbiome for vector control or prevention of disease transmission. Bacteria inside mosquitoes’ guts have been found to have an impact on mosquito life history traits (such as longevity and fecundity) as well as their susceptibility to infection by human pathogens. Engineering these communities may provide an effective and safe way to control mosquitoes and reduce the impact of the pathogens they spread. In this work, we assayed the bacteria found in midgut and crop tissues of a medically important mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Our results show that these tissues harbor communities of bacteria that differ in composition and function and vary in abundance. Experiments like ours are important to better understand where bacteria are found in an insect’s body and how these communities assemble. This knowledge may help future researchers more successfully engineer bacterial communities in mosquitoes.
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