Non-REM and REM/paradoxical sleep dynamics across phylogeny.
Non-REM and REM/paradoxical sleep dynamics across phylogeny.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2021.08.004
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Mourrain P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaggard JB;Wang GX;Mourrain P
所有动物都仔细研究了睡眠，这表明睡眠作为一种行为状态存在于所有动物生命中。这种对环境疏离的脆弱时期的进化维持表明，睡眠必须是基本生物需求的组成部分。尽管经过了一个多世纪的研究，关于睡眠在组织、细胞或分子水平上的作用的知识仍然很粗略。目前，睡眠的定义是基于行为标准和生理指标，而不是在细胞或分子水平上。在生理学上，睡眠被描述为两种主要状态：非快速眼动睡眠(Non-REM)和快速眼动/异相睡眠(REM/Paradoxic Slear)，这两种状态在大脑皮层分别由同步振荡和似觉醒活动定义。几十年来，这两种睡眠状态被认为是哺乳动物和鸟类睡眠的唯一特征。最近的工作揭示了爬行动物、鱼类、苍蝇、蠕虫和头足类动物的缓慢振荡、沉默和矛盾/REM样活动，这表明这些睡眠动态和相关的生理状态可能在动物进化的早期就出现了。在这里，我们讨论这些支持神经动力学(沉默、振荡、矛盾活动)守恒的最新发展，跨越系统发展史的睡眠状态。
All animals carefully studied sleep, suggesting that sleep as a behavioral state exists in all animal life. Such evolutionary maintenance of an otherwise vulnerable period of environmental detachment suggests that sleep must be integral in fundamental biological needs. Despite over a century of research, the knowledge of what sleep does at tissue, cellular or molecular levels remain cursory. Currently, sleep is defined based on behavioral criteria and physiological measures, rather than at the cellular or molecular level. Physiologically, sleep has been described as two main states: Non-REM and REM/Paradoxical sleep, which are defined in the neocortex by synchronous oscillations and paradoxical wake-like activity, respectively. For decades, these two sleep states were believed to be defining characteristics of only mammalian and avian sleep. Recent work has revealed slow oscillation, silencing and paradoxical/REM like activities in reptiles, fish, flies, worms and cephalopods suggesting that these sleep dynamics and associated physiological states may have emerged early in animal evolution. Here, we discuss these recent developments supporting the conservation of neural dynamics (silencing, oscillation, paradoxical activity) of sleep states across phylogeny.
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