Serological evidence of a pararubulavirus and a betacoronavirus in the geographically isolated Christmas Island flying-fox (Pteropus natalis).
Serological evidence of a pararubulavirus and a betacoronavirus in the geographically isolated Christmas Island flying-fox (Pteropus natalis).
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DOI：
10.1111/tbed.14579
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Phalen, David N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pulscher, Laura A.;Peel, Alison J.;Rose, Karrie;Welbergen, Justin A.;Baker, Michelle L.;Boyd, Victoria;Low-Choy, Samantha;Edson, Dan;Todd, Christopher;Dorrestein, Annabel;Hall, Jane;Todd, Shawn;Broder, Christopher C.;Yan, Lianying;Xu, Kai;Peck, Grantley R.;Phalen, David N.
由于地理上与世隔绝，种群数量少，岛状蝙蝠可能无法维持依赖大量种群维持病毒的急性免疫病毒。相反，地方性传播可能依赖于病毒在宿主内建立持续感染或仅诱导短暂的中和免疫。因此，对岛状种群的研究对于更广泛地了解蝙蝠的病毒维持是有价值的。圣诞岛飞狐(CIFF；Pteropus Natalis)是澳大利亚偏远地区圣诞岛的特有物种，是了解地理上孤立的小蝙蝠种群病毒维持的理想模式物种。采集228例CIFF患者血清或血浆(n=190)、口腔拭子(n=199)、粪便(n=31)、尿液(n=32)和尿拭子(n=25)。对样本进行了多重血清学和分子检测，并尝试进行病毒分离，以确定副粘病毒、β冠状病毒和澳大利亚蝙蝠溶血病毒的存在。对血清学数据的分析提供了证据，表明该物种保持着一种副鲁布拉病毒和一种贝塔冠状病毒。几乎没有血清学证据支持本研究中评估的其他病毒存在活跃的循环。没有检测到病毒核酸，也没有分离到病毒。年龄-血清阳性结果支持这样的假设，即地理上隔离的蝙蝠种群可以保持一些副粘病毒和冠状病毒。需要进一步的研究来阐明感染动力学和CIFF中病毒的特征。最后，如果一种新的疾病通过人类携带或入侵物种进入种群，一些病原体的明显缺乏可能会对CIFF的保护产生影响。建议对停靠在圣诞岛上的船只以及研究人员和与飞狐一起工作的蝙蝠护理员采用更多的生物安全协议，以降低病原体传入的风险，并有助于物种的健康和保护。
Due to their geographical isolation and small populations, insular bats may not be able to maintain acute immunizing viruses that rely on a large population for viral maintenance. Instead, endemic transmission may rely on viruses establishing persistent infections within hosts or inducing only short‐lived neutralizing immunity. Therefore, studies on insular populations are valuable for developing broader understanding of viral maintenance in bats. The Christmas Island flying‐fox (CIFF; Pteropus natalis) is endemic on Christmas Island, a remote Australian territory, and is an ideal model species to understand viral maintenance in small, geographically isolated bat populations. Serum or plasma (n = 190), oral swabs (n = 199), faeces (n = 31), urine (n = 32) and urine swabs (n = 25) were collected from 228 CIFFs. Samples were tested using multiplex serological and molecular assays, and attempts at virus isolation to determine the presence of paramyxoviruses, betacoronaviruses and Australian bat lyssavirus. Analysis of serological data provides evidence that the species is maintaining a pararubulavirus and a betacoronavirus. There was little serological evidence supporting the presence of active circulation of the other viruses assessed in the present study. No viral nucleic acid was detected and no viruses were isolated. Age‐seropositivity results support the hypothesis that geographically isolated bat populations can maintain some paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses. Further studies are required to elucidate infection dynamics and characterize viruses in the CIFF. Lastly, apparent absence of some pathogens could have implications for the conservation of the CIFF if a novel disease were introduced into the population through human carriage or an invasive species. Adopting increased biosecurity protocols for ships porting on Christmas Island and for researchers and bat carers working with flying‐foxes are recommended to decrease the risk of pathogen introduction and contribute to the health and conservation of the species.
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影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Brook CE;Dobson AP
通讯作者：
Dobson AP
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Boardman, Wayne S. J.;Baker, Michelle L.;Prowse, Thomas A. A.
通讯作者：
Prowse, Thomas A. A.
持续的感染支持维持澳大利亚蝙蝠（Myotis Macropus）的冠状病毒。
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Jeong J;Smith CS;Peel AJ;Plowright RK;Kerlin DH;McBroom J;McCallum H
通讯作者：
McCallum H
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Crameri G;Todd S;Grimley S;McEachern JA;Marsh GA;Smith C;Tachedjian M;De Jong C;Virtue ER;Yu M;Bulach D;Liu JP;Michalski WP;Middleton D;Field HE;Wang LF
通讯作者：
Wang LF
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Burroughs AL;Durr PA;Boyd V;Graham K;White JR;Todd S;Barr J;Smith I;Baverstock G;Meers J;Crameri G;Wang LF
通讯作者：
Wang LF