Sex Differences in Cannabis Use and Effects: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Cannabis Users.
Sex Differences in Cannabis Use and Effects: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Cannabis Users.
复制标题
大麻使用和效果的性别差异：大麻使用者的横断面调查。
DOI：
10.1089/can.2016.0010
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Sexton M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuttler C;Mischley LK;Sexton M
简介：尽管已知动物内源性大麻素系统存在性别差异，但很少有人关注人类大麻使用模式和影响的性别差异。本研究的目的是研究大麻使用模式的性别差异和对娱乐和医疗大麻使用者的大样本影响。研究方法：大麻使用者的大样本（n=2374）完成了一项匿名的在线调查，评估了他们的大麻使用做法和经验，包括大麻的短期急性影响和戒断作用。1418名医用大麻使用者的子样本进一步表明了他们使用大麻的医疗条件及其感知的功效。结果：结果表明，男性报告使用大麻的频率和数量高于女性。男性更有可能报告使用关节/钝头，蒸发器和浓缩物，而女性更有可能报告使用管道和口服给药。男性比女性更有可能报告食欲增加，记忆力提高，热情，时间感知改变，以及高时音乐性增加，而女性比男性更有可能报告食欲不振和渴望清洁。在戒断期间，男性比女性更容易报告失眠和生动的梦，而女性比男性更容易报告恶心和焦虑作为戒断症状。医用大麻使用条件及其功效的性别差异微不足道。结论：这些结果可用于集中研究大麻相关性别差异的生物学和心理社会机制，为治疗大麻使用障碍的临床医生提供信息，并告知大麻消费者，临床医生和政策制定者大麻对两性的风险和益处。
Introduction: Despite known sex differences in the endocannabinoid system of animals, little attention has been paid to sex differences in human's cannabis use patterns and effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine sex differences in cannabis use patterns and effects in a large sample of recreational and medical cannabis users. Methods: A large sample (n=2374) of cannabis users completed an anonymous, online survey that assessed their cannabis use practices and experiences, including the short-term acute effects of cannabis and withdrawal effects. A subsample of 1418 medical cannabis users further indicated the medical conditions for which they use cannabis and its perceived efficacy. Results: The results indicated that men reported using cannabis more frequently and in higher quantities than did women. Men were more likely to report using joints/blunts, vaporizers, and concentrates, while women were more likely to report using pipes and oral administration. Men were more likely than women to report increased appetite, improved memory, enthusiasm, altered time perception, and increased musicality when high, while women were more likely than men to report loss of appetite and desire to clean when high. Men were more likely than women to report insomnia and vivid dreams during periods of withdrawal, while women were more likely than men to report nausea and anxiety as withdrawal symptoms. Sex differences in the conditions for which medical cannabis is used, and its efficacy, were trivial. Conclusions: These results may be used to focus research on biological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying cannabis-related sex differences, to inform clinicians treating individuals with cannabis use disorders, and to inform cannabis consumers, clinicians, and policymakers about the risks and benefits of cannabis for both sexes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2016.01.007
发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fogel JS;Kelly TH;Westgate PM;Lile JA
通讯作者：
Lile JA
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Fairman BJ
通讯作者：
Fairman BJ
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Cooper, Ziva D.;Haney, Margaret
通讯作者：
Haney, Margaret
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Finocchi, Cinzia;Strada, Laura
通讯作者：
Strada, Laura
年轻成人大麻使用者的大麻使用量与神经认知表现之间的性别特定关系的初步证据。
DOI：
10.1017/s135561771300088x
发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Crane, Natania A.;Schuster, Randi Melissa;Gonzalez, Raul
通讯作者：
Gonzalez, Raul