Zinc activates damage-sensing TRPA1 ion channels.

Zinc activates damage-sensing TRPA1 ion channels.
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锌激活损伤感应TRPA1离子通道。

DOI:
10.1038/nchembio.146
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发表时间:
2009-03
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Patapoutian, Ardem
Patapoutian, Ardem
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hu, Hongzhen;Bandell, Michael;Petrus, Matt J.;Zhu, Michael X.;Patapoutian, Ardem

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锌是人体必需的生物微量元素。超过300种蛋白质的结构或功能都需要它,并且它在细胞信号传导中的作用越来越被认识到。然而,高浓度的锌具有细胞毒性作用,过量接触锌会通过未知的机制引起疼痛和炎症。在这里,我们发现锌通过TRPA1刺激伤害性体感觉神经元并引起小鼠的伤害性感觉,TRPA1是一种阳离子通道,先前被证明通过半胱氨酸修饰介导山葵和肉桂的刺激性。锌通过一种新的机制激活TRPA1,这需要锌通过TRPA1通道内流,然后通过特定的细胞内半胱氨酸和组氨酸残基激活。TRPA1对细胞内锌高度敏感,因为低纳摩尔浓度激活TRPA1并调节其敏感性。这些发现确定了TRPA1是锌的感觉作用的主要靶点,并支持锌作为一种可以调节感觉传递的信号分子的新兴作用。
Zinc is an essential biological trace element. It is required for the structure or function of over 300 proteins, and is increasingly recognized for its role in cell signaling. However, high concentrations of zinc have cytotoxic effects, and overexposure to zinc can cause pain and inflammation through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that zinc excites nociceptive somatosensory neurons and causes nociception in mice through TRPA1, a cation channel previously shown to mediate the pungency of wasabi and cinnamon through cysteine-modification. Zinc activates TRPA1 through a novel mechanism that requires zinc influx through TRPA1 channels and subsequent activation via specific intracellular cysteine and histidine residues. TRPA1 is highly sensitive to intracellular zinc, as low nanomolar concentrations activate TRPA1 and modulate its sensitivity. These findings identify TRPA1 as a major target for the sensory effects of zinc, and support an emerging role for zinc as a signaling molecule that can modulate sensory transmission.
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