The importance of hand use to discharge of interpositus neurones of the monkey.
The importance of hand use to discharge of interpositus neurones of the monkey.
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手部使用对于释放猴子间肌神经元的重要性。
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1994.sp020351
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gibson,AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
vanKan,PL;Horn,KM;Gibson,AR
1. 猴子间肌神经元在伸手抓握过程中表现出大量的放电调节，然而，相同的神经元在锻炼个体前肢关节的设备的操作过程中表现出很少或没有调节。我们测试了这样的假设：在伸手抓握过程中抓握对于引发高放电调制是必要的。 2. 三只猴子（Macaca mulatta）在低目标区域和高目标区域之间移动铰接杆。在下部区域，猴子的手位于腰部，而在上部区域，其手处于需要前肢伸展与身体轴线成直角的位置。目标区域附近的小抽屉里装有葡萄干，抽屉可以远程打开。因此，我们可以引出两种具有相似轨迹的伸展动作：一种伸展涉及握住杠杆手柄时的肢体运输，另一种涉及形成手以抓住葡萄干时的肢体运输。 3. 在设备使用和抓握过程中对来自两只猴子的 81 个神经元进行了测试，其中大部分来自间质神经元，还有一些来自相邻的齿状区域：93% 的神经元在至少一项任务中以高速率放电。其中，大约一半的放电率仅在达到掌握时增加；另一半在设备使用过程中表现出一些增加，但仅在伸手抓握时强烈放电。总体而言，伸手抓握期间的放电调制平均是相应设备移动期间的两倍（112 个脉冲 s-1 对 56 个脉冲 s-1）。 4. 在抓握过程中，各个神经元始终以特征模式放电，速率通常超过 300 个脉冲 s-1。抓取过程中的放电与到达轨迹无关：从下部或上部目标区域到达上部葡萄干抽屉时的放电模式和幅度与从上部目标区域到达上部葡萄干抽屉时的放电模式和幅度相似。到达方向也几乎没有差异：从上部目标区域到下部抽屉的到达通常引起与从下部目标区域到上部抽屉类似的放电调制。 5. 与抓握相关的高放电率与被抓握的物品无关：通常，抓住设备手柄会引起与抓住葡萄干一样的高放电率。 6. 该假设得到证实，抓握对于在伸手抓握过程中引发间肌高放电调节至关重要。放电模式和调制不随伸手方向或伸手幅度而变化，因此，中间小脑不太可能控制伸手抓握的这些特征。（摘要截断为 400 字）
1. Monkey interpositus neurones show large discharge modulations during reaching to grasp, however, the same neurones show little or no modulation during operation of devices that exercise individual forelimb joints. We tested the hypothesis that grasping during the reach‐to‐grasp is necessary for eliciting high discharge modulation. 2. Three monkeys (Macaca mulatta) moved an articulated lever between low and high target zones. While in the lower zone the monkey's hand was at its waist, in the upper zone its hand was in a position that required forelimb extension at right‐angles to the body axis. Small drawers adjacent to the target zones contained raisins, and the drawers could be remotely opened. Thus, we could elicit two types of reaches having similar trajectories: one reach involved limb transport while holding the lever handle, and the other involved limb transport while forming the hand to grasp a raisin. 3. Eighty‐one neurones from two monkeys, mostly from interpositus with some from adjacent regions of dentate, were tested during device use and reaching to grasp: 93% of the neurones discharged at high rates during at least one of the tasks. Of these, about half increased discharge rate solely during reaching to grasp; the other half showed some increase during device use but only discharged strongly during reaching to grasp. Overall, discharge modulations during the reach‐to‐grasp averaged twice as high as during the corresponding device movement (112 versus 56 impulses s‐1). 4. Individual neurones consistently discharged with characteristic patterns during the reach‐to‐grasp with rates often exceeding 300 impulses s‐1. Discharge during the reach‐to‐grasp was independent of reach trajectory: discharge patterns and amplitudes were similar when reaching from either the lower or upper target zone to the upper raisin drawer as when reaching from the upper target zone to the upper raisin drawer. Reach direction also made little difference: reaches from the upper target zone to the lower drawer typically elicited similar discharge modulation as those from the lower target zone to the upper drawer. 5. High discharge rates associated with grasping were independent of the item being grasped: typically, grasping the device handle elicited as high discharge rates as grasping a raisin. 6. The hypothesis was confirmed that grasping is critical for eliciting high discharge modulation in interpositus during reaching to grasp. Discharge pattern and modulation do not vary with reach direction or amplitude of the reach and, therefore, it is unlikely that intermediate cerebellum controls these features of the reach‐to‐grasp.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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受训猕猴红核放电与运动参数之间的关系。
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1985.sp015566
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The Journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gibson,AR;Houk,JC;Kohlerman,NJ
通讯作者：
Kohlerman,NJ
小脑核的单位活动与手臂伸展运动相关
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
W. A. Mackay
通讯作者：
W. A. Mackay
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
E. Sybirska;T. Górska
通讯作者：
T. Górska
清醒猴主动运动和被动运动时中央前神经元活动的关系
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Roger Lemon;J. Hanby;Robert Porter
通讯作者：
Robert Porter
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
vanKan,PL;Houk,JC;Gibson,AR
通讯作者：
Gibson,AR