Characterization of South African adolescents with alcohol use disorders but without psychiatric or polysubstance comorbidity.
Characterization of South African adolescents with alcohol use disorders but without psychiatric or polysubstance comorbidity.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01517.x
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fein G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrett HL;Cuzen NL;Thomas KG;Carey PD;Stein DJ;Finn PR;Tapert SF;Fein G
在青春期早期开始饮酒并表现出外化病理和去抑制/失调倾向的个体在成年后更容易发展为酒精使用障碍（AUD）。以前的研究集中在治疗人群与大量共病的精神病理学和多种物质的使用。在这里，我们描述了一个独特的样本，治疗初治的青少年没有这样的合并症，以帮助确定脆弱的青少年谁可能受益于早期干预。我们比较了外化倾向，去抑制的特点，并在青少年AUD（但没有共病的精神病理学或其他物质使用; n=70），人口统计学匹配的对照组（n=70）的学校表现。在AUD组内，我们比较了具有不同严重程度外化倾向的男性和女性之间的物质使用和去抑制综合征的指标。AUD青少年表现出更多的外化倾向和去抑制性人格特征（冲动性，新奇寻求和兴奋寻求），自我监控和反应抑制较差，欺凌和性冒险行为较多，第一语言表现较差，酒精，大麻和尼古丁的使用较多（p <.05）。在AUD组中，具有较高外化倾向的参与者比那些具有较低外化症状的参与者更早，更频繁地开始饮酒，持续时间更长（p<0.05）。然而，在那些具有较高外化倾向的人中，去抑制特征（人格、认知和行为）并不更强。我们认为，外化倾向和去抑制综合征的结构是有用的，在治疗初治青少年AUD，但没有共病的精神病理学或多种物质的使用。这些结果支持了这些结构在理解青少年AUDs的重要性，即使是在排除了儿童时期的坦率的外部诊断（ODD和CD）的情况下。
Individuals who begin drinking during early adolescence and exhibit externalizing pathology and disinhibitory/dysregulatory tendencies are more vulnerable to developing alcohol use disorders (AUD) in adulthood. Previous research has focused on in-treatment populations with substantial comorbid psychopathology and polysubstance use. Here we characterize a unique sample of treatment-naïve adolescents without such comorbidity to help identify vulnerable youth who may benefit from early intervention. We compared externalizing propensity, disinhibitory characteristics, and school performance in adolescents with AUD (but without comorbid psychopathology or other substance use; n=70) to those of demographically matched controls (n=70). Within the AUD group, we compared measures of substance use and the disinhibitory syndrome between males and females with differing severity of externalizing propensity. Adolescents with AUD demonstrated more externalizing propensity and disinhibitory personality traits (impulsivity, novelty seeking and excitement seeking), poorer self-monitoring and response inhibition, more bullying and sexual risk-taking behavior, poorer first language performance, and greater use of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine (p <.05). Within the AUD group, participants with higher externalizing propensity began drinking earlier, more frequently, and for a longer duration than those with lower externalizing symptoms (p<.05). Disinhibitory features (personality, cognition and behavior) were, however, not stronger in those with higher externalizing propensity. We suggest that the constructs of externalizing propensity and disinhibitory syndrome are useful in characterizing treatment-naïve adolescents with AUD but without comorbid psychopathology or polysubstance use. These results support the importance of these constructs in understanding adolescent AUDs, even when the frank externalizing diagnoses of childhood (ODD and CD) are excluded.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Di Sclafani, Victoria;Finn, Peter;Fein, George
通讯作者：
Fein, George
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00109.x
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Fein, George;McGillivray, Shannon;Finn, Peter
通讯作者：
Finn, Peter
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Eklund, Jenny M.;af Klinteberg, Britt
通讯作者：
af Klinteberg, Britt
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
EYSENCK, SBG;EYSENCK, HJ
通讯作者：
EYSENCK, HJ
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Ferrett HL;Carey PD;Thomas KG;Tapert SF;Fein G
通讯作者：
Fein G