Considering anger from a cognitive neuroscience perspective.
Considering anger from a cognitive neuroscience perspective.
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DOI：
10.1002/wcs.154
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Blair, R. J. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blair, R. J. R.
本文的目标是从认知神经科学的角度来考虑愤怒。提出了五个主要观点：首先，反应性攻击是愤怒的最终行为表达，因此我们可以通过理解反应性攻击来开始理解愤怒。其次，与反应性攻击有关的神经系统（杏仁核、下丘脑和导水管周围灰质；基本威胁系统）与愤怒密切相关。暴露于极端威胁等因素会增加这些系统的反应能力（并且在创伤后应激障碍的背景下），应该与愤怒的增加有关。第三，额叶皮层区域涉及调节基本威胁系统，当功能失调时（例如，在病变的情况下）应与愤怒增加相关。第四，当一个人继续做某事以期获得奖励但实际上并未收到奖励时，就会出现挫败感，并且与愤怒相关。当行为不再获得预期回报时，改变行为反应能力受损的个体应该（并且在精神病的背景下）与愤怒增加有关。第五，某人不做别人希望他们做的事（特别是如果这阻碍了这个人的目标）会令人沮丧，从而引发愤怒。对这种令人沮丧的社交事件的反应依赖于在非社交令人沮丧的情况下改变行为反应所涉及的神经结构。
The goal of this paper is to consider anger from a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Five main claims are made: First, reactive aggression is the ultimate behavioral expression of anger and thus we can begin to understand anger by understanding reactive aggression. Second, neural systems implicated in reactive aggression (amygdala, hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray; the basic threat system) are critically implicated in anger. Factors such as exposure to extreme threat that increase the responsiveness of these systems, should be (and are in the context of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), associated with increased anger. Third, regions of frontal cortex implicated in regulating the basic threat system, when dysfunctional (e.g., in the context of lesions) should be associated with increased anger. Fourth, frustration occurs when an individual continues to do an action in the expectation of a reward but does not actually receive that reward, and is associated with anger. Individuals who show impairment in the ability to alter behavioral responding when actions no longer receive their expected rewards should be (and are in the context of psychopathy) associated with increased anger. Fifth, someone not doing what another person wants them to do (particularly if this thwarts the person’s goal) is frustrating and consequently anger inducing. The response to such a frustrating social event relies on the neural architecture implicated in changing behavioral responses in non-social frustrating situations.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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发表时间：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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