Rapid innate defensive responses of mice to looming visual stimuli.

Rapid innate defensive responses of mice to looming visual stimuli.
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小鼠对迫在眉睫的视觉刺激的快速先天防御反应。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.015
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发表时间:
2013-10-21
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Meister, Markus
Meister, Markus
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yilmaz, Melis;Meister, Markus

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脑科学的大部分内容都涉及理解特定行为背后的神经回路。虽然小鼠已成为最受欢迎的实验对象,但对该物种的行为仍知之甚少。例如,与其他哺乳动物一样,小鼠视网膜包含约 20 个不同的电路,用于计算视觉场景的不同特征。相比之下,该物种只知道少数先天视觉行为——瞳孔反射、趋光性、视运动反应和悬崖反应——其中两种是简单的反射,几乎不需要视觉处理。我们探索了小鼠在模拟接近物体的视觉显示下的行为,这会引起其他一些物种的防御反应。我们发现,小鼠对这种刺激的反应是在一秒钟内开始逃跑或长时间冻结。这些防御行为的概率很大程度上取决于视觉刺激的参数。定向实验确定了行为背后的候选视网膜回路,并引导人们对这些神经通路进行详细研究。这种反应是小鼠先天防御行为的新补充,可以检测和躲避空中捕食者。
Much of brain science is concerned with understanding the neural circuits that underlie specific behaviors. While the mouse has become a favorite experimental subject, the behaviors of this species are still poorly explored. For example, the mouse retina, like that of other mammals, contains ~20 different circuits that compute distinct features of the visual scene. By comparison, only a handful of innate visual behaviors are known in this species – the pupil reflex, phototaxis, the optomotor response, and the cliff response – two of which are simple reflexes that require little visual processing. We explored the behavior of mice under a visual display that simulates an approaching object, which causes defensive reactions in some other species. We show that mice respond to this stimulus by either initiating escape within a second or by freezing for an extended period. The probability of these defensive behaviors is strongly dependent on the parameters of the visual stimulus. Directed experiments identify candidate retinal circuits underlying the behavior and lead the way into detailed study of these neural pathways. This response is a new addition to the repertoire of innate defensive behaviors in the mouse that allows the detection and avoidance of aerial predators.
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