A comparison of licensed and un-licensed artisanal and small-scale gold miners (ASGM) in terms of socio-demographics, work profiles, and injury rates.
A comparison of licensed and un-licensed artisanal and small-scale gold miners (ASGM) in terms of socio-demographics, work profiles, and injury rates.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-017-4876-5
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发表时间：
2017-11-06
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Basu N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calys-Tagoe BNL;Clarke E;Robins T;Basu N
手工和小规模金矿开采 (ASGM) 是最危险的工作环境之一。尽管有人建议将该部门正规化（例如《水俣公约》）作为改善工作条件的一种手段，但我们不知道支持这一观点的经验证据。本研究旨在比较在有执照和无执照的 ASGM 场地工作的矿工的社会人口特征、工作概况和受伤率。在加纳的塔夸矿区，2014 年招募了 404 名小规模矿工，并对他们过去 10 年的职业伤害经历进行了采访。工人来自 9 个矿场，其中 5 个有许可证，4 个没有许可证。两组矿工的社会人口特征相对相似。目前在无证矿山工作的人员在手工和小规模采金领域工作的时间比目前在有许可证矿山工作的人员要多（94 个月与 70 个月）。与在有许可场所工作的矿工相比，在无许可场所工作的矿工往往会经历更多的伤害事件（例如，26% 与 8% 发生过 3 次或以上伤害事件），并且在受伤期间不使用个人防护装备（92% 表示不使用个人防护装备，而 73% 则表示不使用）。在 2245 人年的 ASGM 工作中，总共记录了 121 起伤害事件。在无证矿山工作的工人的受伤率为每 100 人年 5.9 人（995 人年中有 59 人受伤），而在有执照的矿山工作的受伤率为 5.0 人（1250 人年中有 62 人受伤）。当关注男性矿工时，在有执照的矿井工作的工伤率（每 100 人年 4.2 人）与在无证矿井工作的工伤率（每 100 人年 6.1 人）存在显着差异。这些发现增进了我们对手工和小规模采金工人受伤情况的了解，并有助于确定在有执照和无执照场所工作的矿工之间在社会人口统计、工作概况和受伤率方面的重要差异。研究结果表明，获得许可的场所的某些工作条件可能更安全。
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) represents one of the most hazardous work environments. While formalization of this sector has been suggested (e.g., Minamata Convention) as a means to improve working conditions, we are unaware of empirical evidence that supports this notion. This study aimed to compare sociodemographic profiles, work profiles, and injury rates among miners working in licensed versus un-licensed ASGM sites. In the Tarkwa mining region of Ghana, 404 small-scale miners were recruited in 2014 and interviewed regarding their occupational injury experiences over the preceding 10 years. Workers were drawn from 9 mining sites, of which 5 were licensed and 4 were not licensed. Sociodemographic characteristics of miners from the two groups were relatively similar. Those currently working in an un-licensed mine have spent more time in the ASGM sector than those currently working in a licensed mine (94 vs. 70 months). Miners working in an un-licensed site tended to experience more injury episodes (e.g., 26% vs. 8% had 3 or more injury events) and not use personal protective equipment during the time of an injury (92% indicated to not using vs. 73%) when compared to miners working in a licensed site. A total of 121 injury episodes were recorded for 2245 person years of ASGM work. The injury rate for those working in un-licensed mines was 5.9 per 100 person years (59 injuries in 995 person years) versus 5.0 (62 injuries in 1250 person-years) in the licensed mines. When focusing on the male miners, there was a significant difference in injury rates between those working in a licensed mine (4.2 per 100 person years) versus an un-licensed mine (6.1 per 100 person years). These findings advance our understanding of injuries amongst ASGM workers, and help identify important differences in socio-demographics, work profiles, and injury rates between miners working in a licensed versus and un-licensed site. The findings suggest that certain working conditions in a licensed site may be safer.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph120809952
发表时间：
2015-08-21
影响因子：
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作者：
Green A;Jones AD;Sun K;Neitzel RL
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
10.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Veiga, Marcello M.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8268.2003.00073.x
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Potter, C
加纳塔克瓦（Tarkwa）的手工和小规模金矿开采相关的伤害概况。
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph120707922
发表时间：
2015-07-10
影响因子：
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作者：
Calys-Tagoe BN;Ovadje L;Clarke E;Basu N;Robins T
通讯作者：
Robins T
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Paruchuri, Yasaswi;Siuniak, Amanda;Johnson, Nicole;Levin, Elena;Mitchell, Katherine;Goodrich, Jaclyn M.;Renne, Elisha P.;Basu, Niladri
通讯作者：
Basu, Niladri