FIA Score: a simple risk index for predicting fatality in aviation crashes.

FIA Score: a simple risk index for predicting fatality in aviation crashes.
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FIA 分数:用于预测航空事故死亡人数的简单风险指数。

DOI:
10.1097/ta.0b013e31812f60dc
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
The Journal of trauma
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Baker,SusanP
Baker,SusanP
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li,Guohua;Gebrekristos,HirutT;Baker,SusanP

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背景:以往的研究已经确定了各种危险因素的乘客死亡的航空事故。一个简单的综合指数衡量的死亡风险在一个给定的crashy.Methods:国际汽联分数是一个四点(0-3)指数的基础上的三个危险因素的乘客死亡人数在一个给定的航空事故:火灾,仪器气象条件,并远离机场。我们使用国家运输安全委员会1983年至2005年的航空事故调查数据评估了该风险指数的有效性。根据飞行操作的类型计算灵敏度、特异性和受试者工作特征曲线下面积。分析首先限于机长的死亡,然后复制到任何fatality.Results:研究样本包括44828起空难,其中7,889(18%)机长受致命伤。当FIA评分为0(3个风险因素均不存在)、1、2和3(3个风险因素均存在)时,飞行员的坠机死亡率分别为3%、18%、62%和89%。FIA评分在预测涉及不同类型飞行操作的坠机事故中的飞行员死亡率方面一直表现良好。受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.86(95%置信区间[CI]:0.78-0.95),主要航空事故,0.83(95% CI:0.80-0.85),通勤和空中出租车事故,0.81(95% CI:0.81-0.82),通用航空事故。结果是相似的,当结果是衡量是否崩溃导致任何fatality.Conclusions:国际汽联分数似乎是一个有效的工具,用于衡量在航空事故中的死亡风险。鉴于其简单性,FIA风险指数应该很容易适用于创伤研究和预防。
Background:Previous studies have identified a variety of risk factors for occupant fatality in aviation crashes. A simple composite index measuring the risk of fatality in a given crash, however, is lacking.Methods:The FIA Score is a four-point (0–3) index based on the number of three risk factors for occupant fatality present in a given aviation crash: fire, instrument meteorological condition, and being away from airport. We assessed the validity of this risk index using aviation crash investigation data from the National Transportation Safety Board for the years 1983 to 2005. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve according to the type of flight operations were computed. The analysis was first limited to pilot-in-command fatality and then replicated to any fatality.Results:The study sample consisted of 44, 828 aviation crashes, in which 7,889 (18%) pilots-in-command were fatally injured. The pilot crash fatality rate was 3%, 18%, 62%, and 89% for FIA Scores of 0 (none of the 3 risk factors present), 1, 2, and 3 (all 3 risk factors present), respectively. The FIA Score performed consistently well in predicting pilot fatality in crashes involving different types of flight operations. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.95) for major airline crashes, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80–0.85) for commuter and air taxi crashes, and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.81–0.82) for general aviation crashes. The results were similar when the outcome was measured by whether or not the crash resulted in any fatality.Conclusions:The FIA Score appears to be a valid tool for measuring fatality risk in aviation crashes. Given its simplicity, the FIA risk index should be readily applicable to trauma research and prevention.
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