On the evolutionary origin of aging.

On the evolutionary origin of aging.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00281.x
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发表时间:
2007-04
期刊:
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Doebeli M
Doebeli M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ackermann M;Chao L;Bergstrom CT;Doebeli M

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人们普遍认为,第一个生物体并没有衰老,因此衰老是在生命历史的某个时刻进化而来的。这种转变何时以及为何发生是进化生物学的一个基本问题。最近关于细菌衰老的报道表明,衰老早于真核生物的出现,起源于简单的单细胞生物。在这里,我们使用简单的模型来研究为什么这样的生物会进化衰老。这些模型表明,衰老的父母和返老还童的后代之间的差异很容易演变为一种策略,以科普由于重要活动而积累的损害。我们使用个体细菌的年龄特异性性能的测量来测试模型的假设,并找到证据证明它们得到了满足。导致衰老的机制预计将在广泛的生物体中发挥作用,这表明衰老在生命历史中很早就进化了。因此,衰老可能是细胞有机体的一个比迄今为止所假设的更基本的方面。
It is generally believed that the first organisms did not age, and that aging thus evolved at some point in the history of life. When and why this transition occurred is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Recent reports of aging in bacteria suggest that aging predates the emergence of eukaryotes and originated in simple unicellular organisms. Here we use simple models to study why such organisms would evolve aging. These models show that the differentiation between an aging parent and a rejuvenated offspring readily evolves as a strategy to cope with damage that accumulates due to vital activities. We use measurements of the age-specific performance of individual bacteria to test the assumptions of the model, and find evidence that they are fulfilled. The mechanism that leads to aging is expected to operate in a wide range of organisms, suggesting that aging evolved early and repeatedly in the history of life. Aging might thus be a more fundamental aspect of cellular organisms than assumed so far.
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