Functional imaging of stimulus convergence in amygdalar neurons during Pavlovian fear conditioning.
Functional imaging of stimulus convergence in amygdalar neurons during Pavlovian fear conditioning.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0006156
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发表时间：
2009-07-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bernstein IL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barot SK;Chung A;Kim JJ;Bernstein IL
联想条件反射是动物界普遍存在的一种学习形式，恐惧条件反射是研究其神经生物学基础的最广泛的研究模型之一。恐惧条件反射也被认为是理解恐惧症和焦虑症的模型系统。恐惧条件反射中的一个基本问题是在条件恐惧记忆的获得过程中，大脑中接受条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US）的会聚信息的神经元的存在和位置。神经元的会聚激活通常被认为是恐惧学习的关键事件，但在哺乳动物大脑中几乎没有直接证据表明这一关键事件。在这里，我们使用弧细胞房室分析的时间基因转录的荧光原位杂交（catFISH），以确定神经元激活过程中的单次试验上下文恐惧条件反射大鼠。为了符合catFISH分析的时间要求，我们使用了一种新的延迟情境恐惧条件反射方案，其产生显著的单次试验恐惧条件反射，时间参数适合catFISH分析。分析得出了明确的证据表明，一个人口的BLA神经元接收收敛CS和US的信息在学习的时候，这只发生在CS-US的安排是支持的学习，这一过程需要N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体激活。相反，在背侧海马中未观察到CS-US会聚。基于在调节组和对照组中观察到的Arc激活模式，我们提出CS-US收敛到BLA神经元的关键要求是通过先前暴露于新型CS来增强US响应。我们的研究结果也支持这样的观点，即背景恐惧记忆编码在杏仁核和背海马的作用是处理和传输上下文CS信息。
Associative conditioning is a ubiquitous form of learning throughout the animal kingdom and fear conditioning is one of the most widely researched models for studying its neurobiological basis. Fear conditioning is also considered a model system for understanding phobias and anxiety disorders. A fundamental issue in fear conditioning regards the existence and location of neurons in the brain that receive convergent information about the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) during the acquisition of conditioned fear memory. Convergent activation of neurons is generally viewed as a key event for fear learning, yet there has been almost no direct evidence of this critical event in the mammalian brain. Here, we used Arc cellular compartmental analysis of temporal gene transcription by fluorescence in situ hybridization (catFISH) to identify neurons activated during single trial contextual fear conditioning in rats. To conform to temporal requirements of catFISH analysis we used a novel delayed contextual fear conditioning protocol which yields significant single- trial fear conditioning with temporal parameters amenable to catFISH analysis. Analysis yielded clear evidence that a population of BLA neurons receives convergent CS and US information at the time of the learning, that this only occurs when the CS-US arrangement is supportive of the learning, and that this process requires N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. In contrast, CS-US convergence was not observed in dorsal hippocampus. Based on the pattern of Arc activation seen in conditioning and control groups, we propose that a key requirement for CS-US convergence onto BLA neurons is the potentiation of US responding by prior exposure to a novel CS. Our results also support the view that contextual fear memories are encoded in the amygdala and that the role of dorsal hippocampus is to process and transmit contextual CS information.
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影响因子：
34.7
作者：
Lee, Yong-Seok;Silva, Alcino J.
通讯作者：
Silva, Alcino J.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Maren, S;Holt, W
通讯作者：
Holt, W
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
MISERENDINO, MJD;SANANES, CB;DAVIS, M
通讯作者：
DAVIS, M
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808996106
发表时间：
2008-12-30
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Barot, Sabiha K.;Kyono, Yasuhiro;Bernstein, Ilene L.
通讯作者：
Bernstein, Ilene L.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Moncada, Diego;Viola, Haydee
通讯作者：
Viola, Haydee