The end of gonad-centric sex determination in mammals.

The end of gonad-centric sex determination in mammals.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2011.10.004
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发表时间:
2012-02
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Arnold, Arthur P.
Arnold, Arthur P.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arnold, Arthur P.

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20世纪世纪哺乳动物性别决定理论认为,胚胎在性腺分化之前是中性的,性腺分化之后,由于性腺激素的不同作用,导致了表型的性别差异。这种理论是不充分的,因为一些性别差异先于性腺的分化和/或由性染色体数量和类型的性别不平等的非性腺影响决定。提出了性别决定的一般理论,认为性染色体编码的基因或因子启动了多条平行的初级性别决定途径。单独的性别特异性途径相互作用,相互协同或拮抗,增强或减少表型的性别差异。
The 20th century theory of mammalian sex determination states that the embryo is sexually indifferent until the differentiation of gonads, after which sex differences in phenotype are caused by differential effects of gonadal hormones. That theory is inadequate because some sex differences precede differentiation of the gonads and/or are determined by non-gonadal effects of the sexual inequality in number and type of sex chromosomes. A general theory of sex determination is proposed, which recognizes multiple parallel primary sex-determining pathways initiated by genes or factors encoded by the sex chromosomes. The separate sex-specific pathways interact to synergize with or antagonize each other, enhancing or reducing sex differences in phenotype.
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